2024年西巴尔干地区的公共行政：公共行政原则评估的区域概述

Regional overview of assessments against the Principles of Public Administration Public administrationinthe Western Balkans2024 Regional overview of assessmentsagainst the Principles of Public Administration Thisreport provides a regional perspective on the state of play in publicadministrations in the Western Balkans based on comprehensive assessmentscarried out in 2024 by SIGMA in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo*,Montenegro, the Republic of North Macedonia and Serbia. It covers the six thematicareas of the Principles of Public Administration (strategy, policy development and co-ordination,public service and human resource management,organisation,accountability and oversight, service delivery and digitalisation, and public financialmanagement) and provides comparisons in indicator values and overall trendsacross the region. This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union (EU). It should notbe reported as representing the official views of the EU. Thisreport was approved by the OECD Public Governance Committee via written procedure on17February2025. This document, as well as any data and any map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory, to thedelimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. The use of this material, whether digital or print, is governed by the Terms and Conditions to be found onthe OECD website pagehttp://www.oecd.org/termsandconditions. Kosovo*: This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with United NationsSecurity Council Resolution 1244/99 and the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice onKosovo’s declaration of independence. SIGMA Monitoring Reports-ISSN:3078-8420 (online)|https://doi.org/10.1787/9c2f22f8-en Photo credits: Cover © elettaria/Shutterstock.com ©OECD2025 Attribution4.0 International (CCBY4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to bebound by the terms of this licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution–you must cite the work. Translations–you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of anydiscrepancy between the original work and the translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid. Adaptations–you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. Theopinions expressed and arguments employed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of theOECDor of its Member countries. Third-party material–the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible forobtaining permission from the third party and for any claims of infringement. You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses youruse of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court ofArbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shall be Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall beone. Table of contents Introduction4 Executive brief6 Strategy11 Policy development and co-ordination15 Organisation, accountability and oversight33 Service delivery and digitalisation43 Public financial management51 Budget management52Internal control and audit57Public procurement62External audit68Financing of local governments70 Introduction Thisoverview providesaregional perspectiveonthe state of play in public administrationsin the WesternBalkansbased oncomprehensiveassessments carried outin 2024 by SIGMAinAlbania,Bosnia andHerzegovina, Kosovo*,Montenegro,the RepublicofNorth Macedonia(hereafter, “North Macedonia”)andSerbia.1Given the geostrategic importance of the Western Balkans to the European Unionand the ongoingEU accession negotiations, SIGMA conducts regular monitoringinthe region. The assessments were carried out againstThePrinciples of Public Administration2,whichsets out whatgood public governance entails in practice and outlines the main requirements to be followed byadministrationsduring the European integration(EI)process. The updated 2023 edition reflects the mostrecentinternational standards,applicable EU acquis and citizen expectations for modern publicadministration in Europe. Endorsed by the OECD and the European Commission, it covers the same broadscope and thematic areas as the previous edition(Figure1). TheAssessment Methodology of the Principles of Public Administration3contains a set of standardindicators that SIGMA applies consistently to measure the state of play against the Principles, includingthe preconditions and enablers for successful reforms (appropriate laws, policies, procedures, institutiona