配电运营特许权2025

OperatiOns COnCessiOns fOreleCtriCity DistributiOnJANUARY 2025Public Disclosure Authorized Amol Gupta, David Loew and Isabelle Bui © 2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank 1818 H StreetNW, Washington, DC 20433, Telephone: 202-473-1000 www.worldbank.org. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because the World Bank encourages disseminationof its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposesas long as full attribution to this work is given. The recommended citation is as follows:Gupta, A., Loew, D., & Bui, I. (2025). OperationsConcessions for Electricity Distribution. Washington, DC: World Bank. Photo credit:World Bank Flickr/Shutterstock. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to:World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433,USA. Fax: 202-522-2625; email: pubrights@worldbank.org. This paper was prepared by a World Bank Energy and Extractives Global Practice team led byAmol Gupta (Senior Energy Specialist), David Loew (Senior Energy Economist), and Isabelle Bui(Senior Infrastructure Specialist). The paper was prepared under the strategic guidance and direction of Ani Balabanyan (PracticeManager, Energy Global Knowledge Unit). The World Bank team is grateful to Pedro Antmann(Energy Consultant and former World Bank staff) and Ludovic Delplanque (Senior InfrastructureSpecialist) for their support. Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP provided extensive support for the preparation of this paper. Support for various case studies was provided by PwC Advisory SAS (for Côte d’Ivoire); Abdo,Ellery & Associados (for Brazil); Beatriz Couto Ribeiro, Energy Consultant (for Brazil); and SamuelZimbe, Energy Consultant (for Uganda). The study was financed by the Public–Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF). The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect theviews of the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. Abbreviations v 1.Introduction12.The Operations Concession Model in Electricity Distribution52.1.Roles and Responsibilities of Granting Authority and Concessionaire52.2.Comparison of the Operations Concession Model with Other Private SectorParticipation Models in Electricity Distribution72.3.Why Operations Concessions?82.4.Setting the Operations Concession within a Broader Reform Context103.Case Studies: Existing Operations Concessions133.1.Côte d’Ivoire: Evolution of the Operations Concession over Time133.2.India: Input-based Distribution Franchises183.3.Lessons Learned from PSP Arrangements in Other Countries224.Structuring Options and Parameters for Operations Concessions254.1.Setting Baseline Parameters and Performance Targets254.2.Award of Concession264.3.Treatment of Assets and Liabilities264.4.Tariff Subsidy Disbursement Mechanism274.5.Power Procurement274.6.Regulatory Requirements and Oversight274.7.Managing Human Resource Issues284.8.Contract Period294.9.Support from the Government294.10.Risk Mitigation295.Limitations and Extensions315.1.Limitations of the Operations Concession315.2.Operations Concession as a Step toward Full Privatization32Appendix A: Other Country Cases35A.1.Uganda35A.2.Türkiye39A.3.Brazil43A.4.India: Distribution Franchise with Incremental Revenue Sharing Model47 Appendix B:Indexation Methodology for Input Rate Adjustment for Input-basedDistribution Franchise49 Figures Figure 1.1: Cost Recovery for Utilities in World Bank Client Countries2Figure 1.2:Cost Recovery for Public and Private Distribution Utilities in World BankClient Countries3Figure 2.1:Transaction Structure of Typical Operations Concession in ElectricityDistribution5Figure 2.2: PSP Trajectories Based on Sector Conditions11Figure 3.1:Combined Transmission and Distribution Losses Have SignificantlyReduced since 201116Figure 3.2: Transaction Structure of IBDF Model19Figure 4.1: Political Risk Insurance by MIGA in Electricity Sector Concession in Cameroon30Figure 5.1: Conversion Options from Operations Concession to Full-Scope Concession33Figure A.1: Transaction Structure of the Umeme Concession36Figure A.2: Umeme’s Distribution Losses (%)38Figure A.3: PSP in Türkiye’s Power Distribution Sector39Figure A.4:Transaction Structure of Privatization Followed for Power Distribution in Türkiye40 Tables Table 2.1: Roles and Responsibilities of Public Utility and Concessionaire6Table 2.2: Comparison of PSP Models in Electricity Distribution7Table 3.1: Concessionaire Remuneration Mechanism for Domestic Sales in Côte d’Ivoire15Table 3.2: Electricity Sector Financials Returned to Sustainable Levels in 202317Table 3.3: Capital Expenditure by Franchisees in their Areas20Table 3.4: Input Rate and Revenue for IBDFs in Ajmer, Operated by Tata Power21Table 3.5: AT&C Loss Improvement in Operational DFs21Table 4.1: Example Regulatory Obliga