2025年全球合作晴雨表——第二版（英）

I N S I G H TR E P O R TJ A N U A R Y2 0 2 5 Contents Foreword3 About the Global Cooperation Barometer4 Executive summary6 Introduction: The state of global cooperation7 1Five pillars of global cooperation11 Pillar 1: Trade and capital11Pillar 2: Innovation and technology14Pillar 3: Climate and natural capital16Pillar 4: Health and wellness18Pillar 5: Peace and security20 2Recommendations: the need for disordered cooperation22 Appendix23 Contributors26 Endnotes28 Disclaimer This document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated andendorsed by the World Economic Forumbut whose results do not necessarilyrepresent the views of the World EconomicForum, nor the entirety of its Members,Partners or other stakeholders. ©2025 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopyingand recording, or by any informationstorage and retrieval system. Foreword Børge BrendePresident andChief Executive Officer,World Economic Forum Bob SternfelsGlobal Managing Partner,McKinsey & Company multistakeholder processes. Unlocking the benefitsof technological innovations in an equitable way whileensuring necessary guardrails are in place to mitigaterisks will require some form of coordination. The second edition of the Global CooperationBarometer comes amid unsettled political andgeopolitical climates. Political shockwaves cut across many continentsthis past year – a “super year” of elections in whichhalf the world’s population had the opportunity togo to the polls.1For the first time, every governingparty facing an election in a developed economylost vote share.2These expressions of electoratedisapproval are due, in large measure, to forcesthat have been building for over a decade and wereintensified by the COVID-19 pandemic. A senseof insecurity – financial or personal – has increasedalongside feelings that the “system” has not beenworking. People around the world are looking forsolutions while expressing a desire for changeto the mechanisms meant to deliver results. As a result, leaders will need new mechanisms forworking together on key priorities, even as theydisagree on others. The past several years haveshown this balance is possible. Foreign investmentannouncements are increasing across the worldand data and intellectual property (IP) are flowingbetween countries in ever greater quantities.Meanwhile, global commitments to climate- andresilience-linked finance continue to grow. It is against this backdrop that the World EconomicForum and McKinsey & Company have released thissecond edition of the Global Cooperation Barometerwith a focus on where cooperation stands today andwhat it can look like in the new technological age.The inaugural 2024 report stated its intentions: toserve as a tool for leaders to better understand thecontours of cooperation broadly and along five pillars– trade and capital flows, innovation and technology,climate and natural capital, health and wellness, andpeace and security. In its second year, the barometerdraws on new data from the 41 indicators to offer anupdated picture of the state of cooperation today:overall cooperation has been steady, with somesignificant drops that are offset by other gains. At the same time, the global order that held forthe first 30 years after the end of the Cold Warhas passed. Today, competition and conflict arerising, and countries are re-examining their placein the world. Alongside geopolitical upheaval,technological change is also under way. The rapiddevelopment and uptake of frontier technologiessuch as generative artificial intelligence is poisedto reshape economies and societies. While the geopolitical dial won’t, and shouldn’t,turn back to the order of the past, it must turnmore towards cooperation. Advancing globalhealth, prosperity and resilience cannot be doneby single nations alone. Resolving ongoing securitychallenges can only happen through multilateral and The hope is that by measuring the state ofcooperation, the barometer can track trends andidentify the potential for new areas of cooperationand help plot a path forward. About the GlobalCooperation Barometer The Global Cooperation Barometer isstructured along five dimensions of globalconnection: trade and capital, innovation andtechnology, climate and natural capital, healthand wellness, and peace and security. Outcome metrics (such as life expectancy)measure the progress of cooperation but aretypically influenced by additional factors beyondcooperation. The metrics span countries in allgeographies and all levels of development. The barometer examines the period from 2012to 2023 to establish a trend line of cooperation.It indexes data to 2020 for the following reason:as the COVID-19 pandemic (hereafter referred to