The report "Do Big Companies Cut Dividends to Grow?" conducted by Pedro Catarino, Marc Goedhart, Tim Koller, and Rosen Kotsev from McKinsey & Company explores the behavior of large, stable corporations concerning dividend cuts. Contrary to the common notion that companies might cut dividends to allocate resources towards growth initiatives, the study indicates that such actions are almost never taken by well-performing corporations, especially during stable economic conditions.
The researchers analyzed data from 1995 to 2021, focusing on publicly listed companies in the United States. They defined a significant dividend cut as a decrease of at least 10% in the dividend per share (DPS). The findings showed that among 1,225 companies with a consistent dividend policy, 71% maintained or increased their DPS without making a significant cut. Only 29% of companies announced a significant dividend cut due to economic crises or a decline in profits of at least 20%, or both. Notably, virtually no company made a significant dividend cut out of choice rather than necessity, and even less so to fund a future growth initiative.
The report further elucidates that annual dividend cuts by large public companies are quite rare, with fewer than 2% of the companies in the study reducing dividends in a typical year. The situation became slightly more common during major economic crises like the 2008-2009 credit crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic, where over 5% and more than 15% of companies, respectively, reduced dividends.
The authors caution CFOs to consider the potential impact of dividend cuts on investor perceptions, which might negatively affect the stock price and the company's ability to attract talent or secure acquisitions. It's essential for CFOs to prepare for potential investor backlash and communicate the rationale for any dividend cut transparently.
Ultimately, while reducing dividends can sometimes be necessary, the report suggests that it's not a common strategy for companies seeking growth. CFOs should approach changes to dividend policies thoughtfully, understanding that such moves are relatively uncommon in the context of strong earnings and economic conditions.
战略与公司财务实践
大公司削减股息以实现增长吗?
大型,稳定的公司几乎从不削减股息作为战略选择。相反,只有当他们的收入较低或充满挑战的经济状况迫使他们动手时,他们才会减少股息。
作者:佩德罗·卡塔里诺、马克·戈德哈特、蒂姆·科勒和罗森·科采夫
CFO经常问他们是否应该削减股息以投资于增长。理论上,当原本用于支付股息的资金被投资于能够产生高于公司资本成本的回报的举措时,公司应该考虑减少股息。然而,实际上,几乎没有表现良好的公司-特别是在稳定的经济条件下-减少股息以资助增长。
cut - which we defined as a DPS reduction of at least 10%.We also examined how many of these significant differencecuts were made in response to material underperformance.We
不支付股息、可变股息(如房地产投资信托)或经历重大重组(如分拆)的公司被排除在外。
研究表明
这使我们有1, 225家公司拥有多年,稳定的股息政策。其中,有71%的公司在没有大幅削减股息的情况下保持或提高了DPS水平。其余29%的宣布大幅削减股息的人在面对经济
公司通常保持每股股息(DPS)水平不变或呈上升趋势。由于DPS的下调通常是在宏观经济压力,令人失望的收益甚至财务困境的背景下进行的,因此它们与股价下跌有关。
但是,当一切进展顺利时,首席财务官多久宣布削减股息呢?
危机或至少20%的利润下降— —或者两者兼而有之。几乎没有公司在几十年的时间里做出了显著的股息削减,而不是需要,更不用说为未来的增长提供大胆的投资(图表1)。
实际上,按年度计算,大型上市公司的任何股息削减都是不寻常的;在典型的一年中,我们研究的1, 225家公司中只有不到2%的公司减少了股息。只有在经济发生重大变化时,数字才会增加
事实证明,几乎从来没有。在1995年至2021年的几十年间,我们探索了在美国上市的大型公司宣布大幅股息的频率
几乎没有一家大型,稳定的公司因选择而不是需要而削减了大量股息,更不用说了为未来的增长计划进行大胆的投资。
对于一家稳定的大型公司来说,宣布削减10%或更多的股息是非常罕见的。
1994 - 2021年美国大型派息上市公司,编号
麦肯锡公司
含义和要点
危机:在2008 - 09年信贷危机期间,超过5%的公司减少了股息,在COVID - 19大流行期间,超过15%的公司减少了股息。但在1995年至2021年的大多数年份,人们可以指望两手— —在许多年里,单手— —在任何给定年份都完全减少股息的公司数量(图表2)。
首席财务官们保持适应实际现实是正确的,包括投资者的看法,即无论出于何种原因削减股息的公司实际上可能预示着收益和
未来现金流下降。这些看法可能会压低股价,这本身可能会导致价值破坏。例如,较低的股价会在短期内更难吸引和留住有才华的员工;它还会减少并购的宝贵收购货币,因为许多交易至少部分是以公司股票支付的。首席财务官们应该考虑公司是否为潜在的投资者反弹做好了准备,以及高管如何通过明确
重要的是要注意,历史案例的稀缺性并不能证明削减DPS必然会降低股价。但它支持了许多首席财务官告诉我们的内容:他们不愿减少股息,因为他们担心“华尔街”会如何反应。
附件2
除了在经济危机期间,市场很少看到任何一年的股息削减。
麦肯锡公司
这意味着降低DPS。但是首席财务官们应该明白,没有太多的先例:几乎没有稳定的大公司选择在收益和经济状况强劲时削减股息。
阐明削减股息的理由。他们还应该运行详细的方案,以确定削减股息是否会在实现预期增长方面产生重大影响。
最终,公司股利政策的变化应该始终是CFO工具包的一部分-即使
Pedro Catarino是麦肯锡里斯本办事处的能力和洞察力分析师,Marc Goedhart是阿姆斯特丹办公室的高级知识专家,Tim Koller是丹佛办公室的合伙人罗森·科采夫是马萨诸塞州沃尔瑟姆办公室的客户能力总监。