Autonomous, connected, electric and shared vehicles

Autonomous, connected, electric and shared vehicles Reimagining transport to drive economic growth ContentsExecutive Summary1. Introduction 2. Financial implications and economic growth3. Mobility as a service 4. Electrification5. Infrastructure 6. Testing 7. Data management and transparency 8. Data arbitration and governance9. Data aggregation10. The role of government11. Arup’s capability12.TheMagnificentSeven|What needs to happen next Dr. John McCarthyLeader, Intelligent Mobilityt +353 1 233 4359 e john.mccarthy@arup.comFor more information contactDavid O’KeeffeDirector, Digital Servicest +353 1 233 5745 e david.okeeffe@arup.com Executive Summary Ireland’s opportunity for high-calibre job creation in a global marketA new mobility revolution is sweeping the globe. The introduction of disruptive technologies such as connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is compelling us to reimagine how transport is delivered and promising a new era of safe, secure and enjoyable transport. CAVs are already being tested and used worldwide, with both traditional players and new automotive entrants, such as Apple and Google, looking to have production-level vehicles deployed by 2021. Thispresentsuswithasignificantchallenge.What was once the future is now a reality, putting Ireland under real pressure to consider how we manage and take advantage of this new technology.On the upside, this revolution also creates a huge opportunity. The global market for CAV technologies is predicted to be worth €70bn [1] by 2035. This does not include ancillary electric and mobility services, for which staggering growth is forecast. As this market will be underpinned by the availability of reliable, quality-assured and trustworthy data and information, it is clear that jobs will be created not only in hardware manufacturing but also in data services that support CAV technologies.This means that the technology sector in Ireland is ideally placed to play a leading role in this burgeoning market.'TII is keenly aware of the need to understand the impact new technologies, such as Connected and Autonomous vehicles, could have for the road network, the travel patterns of people and the movement of goods. The potential implications of CAVs are important to consider when assessing Ireland's current and future transport infrastructural needs.’ Helen Hughes, Director of Professional Services, Transport Infrastructure Ireland 1. IntroductionMost of us are familiar with the concept of autonomous and electric vehicles, but fewer are aware of technologies relating to sharing mobility services and connecting data between vehicles and their environment. Many of these innovations, known collectively as autonomous, connected, electric and shared (ACES) technologies, are in early stages of development and commercialisation. Ahead of the pack are connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), which are likely to become a common feature of Irish roads within the next decade. As these vehicles have enormous implications for our transport system in the short term, we concentrate in this paper on the connected and autonomous, rather than electric and shared, aspects of ACES technologies.1.1 Autonomous vehicles90%ofalltrafficcollisionsarecausedbyhuman error [2]: the vehicle’s driver taking the wrong decision at the wrong time, resulting in disastrous and, all too often, life-ending collisions. These events can have a catastrophic impact not just on the individuals involved and their families but also on the wider community. With up to 190 people killed every year in trafficcollisionsontheIrishroads,nottomention over 5,000 collisions causing injury and those that go unreported [3], there is a huge incentive to eliminate the errors leading to these events. Coupled to the human cost is the economic impact, where collisions cause significantdelaytothetravellingpublic,createcongestion and tailbacks, and impede the delivery of goods and services.What if there was an alternative? What if technology and the use of driver-assisted systemscouldeliminate90%oftrafficcollisions by removing human error? That is thepossibilityofferedbyautonomousvehicles( AVs) . An AV is a vehicle capable of deciding on and taking a course of action, such as steering or braking, without the need for human intervention.Differentlevelsofautonomyexist,reflectingthetechnologyavailableonthemarket and the mixture of features deployed. The diagram opposite outlines these levels and what they mean from a human driver’s perspective. Current technology has matured to somewhere between 2.5 and 4. AVs are receiving a huge amount of attention globally, with both countries and companies investing billions in delivering infrastructure and data services to ensure their success. Accelerated developments are ongoing and test sites are springing up across the globe, from the UK to the Netherlands, Scandinavia to New Zealand and Australia to the US, as co