您的浏览器禁用了JavaScript(一种计算机语言,用以实现您与网页的交互),请解除该禁用,或者联系我们。[社科院]:阿巴边境部落地区安全管控历史、现状及面临的挑战 - 发现报告

阿巴边境部落地区安全管控历史、现状及面临的挑战

2023-07-15张元社科院程***
阿巴边境部落地区安全管控历史、现状及面临的挑战

HenryPottinger,TravelsinBeloochistanandSinde(Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1816);MounstuartElphinstone,AnAccountoftheKingdomofCaubul,andItsDependenciesinPersia,Tartary,andIndia(London:CambridgeUniversityPress,2011);OlafCaroe,ThePathans:550B.C.A.D.1957(Karachi:OxfordUniversityPress,1975)。 ),,2015;RabiaAslam,“Rethinking‘Wana’:AGameTheoreticAnalysisoftheConflictintheTribalRegionofPakistan,”StudiesinConflict& Terrorism,Vol.31,No.8,2008,pp.665-683;NasreenGhufran,“PushtunEthnonationalismandtheTalibanInsurgencyintheNorthWestFrontierProvinceofPakistan,”AsianSurvey,Vol.49,No.6,2009,pp.1092-1114;MahrukhKhan,“Balochistan:TheForgottenFrontier,”StrategicStudies,Vol.32&33,No.4&1,2012& 2013,pp.200-223;A.Z.Hilali,“ContemporaryGeopoliticsofFATA:AnAnalysisoftheAfghanistan-PakistanBorderRegion,”TheJournalofSlavicMilitaryStudies,Vol.26, 。①,。2021815,(),。“”,。、“” (DurandLine),。。、、、、、、、、、,。()、—(),(Gilgit)。。,、、、、,、、。(), 86④ No.4,2013,pp.595-638;FarhanZahid,“WaitingforResurgence:Al-QaedaCoreinPakistan,”CounterTerroristTrendsandAnalyses,Vol.9,No.9,2017,pp.1-4;AbdulBasit,“ISPenetrationinAfghanistan-PakistanAssessment,ImpactandImplications,”PerspectivesonTerrorism,Vol.11,No.3,2017,pp.19-39;AminaKhan,“Pak-AfghanBorder:ACaseStudyofBorderManagement,”StrategicStudies,Vol.37,No.3,2017,pp.22-40. ①::《、》,《》,20059,34~36;:《》, 《》,20092,112~135;:《》, 《》,20191,16~23;:《》,,,2019;:《》,,,2019。 ,。(Hazara)、(Tajik)、(Nuristani)、(Baloch)、(PushtunPukhtun)。①,;、。,,。(Sadar),(SadariSystem)。、、,,,。,,。、,,,、。“”(Pushtunwali)“” (Jirga)。,,、。、,。。()、“”(Al-Qaeda)、“” (IslamicState-KhorasanProvince)、(Tehrik-e-TalibanPakistan,),。,。88①(BrahuiBrahvi),,。,。,。。 ,,、。①,,“”,。“”。,,80%,。②,40%,。③“”,,“”40%。④,。⑤ ①:《》, 《》,20201,260~270。 ②PeterDahlThruelsen,“TheTalibaninSouthernAfghanistan:ALocalisedInsurgencywithaLocalObjective,”SmallWars& Insurgencies,Vol.21,No.2,2010,p.267;“AfghanistanOpiumSurvey2018:CultivationandProduction,”UnitedNationsOfficeonDrugsandCrimeandMinistryofCounterNarcotics,IslamicRepublicofAfghanistan,2018,pp.5-6.https://www.unodc.org/documents/afghanistan//OpiumSurveys/Afghanistanopiumsurvey2018.pdflf=28&lng=en ③“TheRemoteFrontier-UNODCAssistancetoAfghanistan’sBorderPatrol,”UnitedNationsOfficeonDrugsandCrime-Afghanistan,January4,2010,https://web.archive.org/web/20120110225800/http://www.unodc.org/afghanistan/en/frontpage/2009/December/border-control.html;AbdulBaseerKhan,“Balochistan:EpicenterofDrugsSmugglingandUsage,”BalochistanPoint,August28,2015.http://thebalochistanpoint.com/balochistan-epicenter-of-drug-smuggling-and-usage/ ④AbdulBaseerKhan,“Balochistan:EpicenterofDrugsSmugglingandUsage”;ShezadBaloch,“IllicitDrugTrade:NarcoticsfromAfghanistanLandinBalochistan,”ExpressTribune,December2,2014.https://tribune.com.pk/story/800486/illicit-drug-trade-narcotics-from-afghanistan-land-in-balochistan/ ⑤“WorldDrugReport2021:Booklet1-ExecutiveSummary/PolicyImplications,”ReportofUnitedNationsOfficeonDrugandCrime,p.7.https://www.unodc.org/res/wdr2021/field/V2104294Chinese.pdf 09⑥SanaaAlimia,“AfghanRefugeesinPakistan,”BundeszentralefürPolitischeBildung,May6,2019.https://www.bpb.de/gesellschaft/migration/laenderprofile/292271/afghan-refugees-in-pakistan 1992,140150。①,,。,20203,142。②—() (58%)(23%)。③2021,。,202385%,130。④,。,,,,。、,,、、、、,。()。,。 20232。(BarakzaiDynasty)(Musahiban)·(NadirKhan)(1929~1933),。①,,1901《》(FrontierCrimesRegulations),(PoliticalAgent)。1973,。,。·(DostMohammad)·(AbdurRahmanKhan)。··,。·(Ghilzai),。·(AmanullahKhan)(1921),,(MinistryofBordersandTribalAffairs)。②。,1976《》 (SardariAbolitionOrdinance)2006(DistrictCommissionerStructure),;,2017《》20185,()—。,。 ,,、(1.365)。①1997;20112002《》(PoliticalPartiesOrder),;2018《》(InterimGovernanceRegulation)《》,。②,、—,。—,《(2020~2030)》(TribalDecadeStrategy),2020~2021,828240,。③()“9·11”,,。,,,。(InsurgencyGroup),“” (OperationFreedom’sSentinel)。 ①②③U.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment,“TheHelmandValleyProjectinAfghanistan,”A.I.D.EvaluationSpecialStudies,No.18,1983,pp.3-4.,。SeeJustinS.Dunne, “CrisisinBalochistan:AHistoricalAnalysisoftheBalochNationalistMovementinPakistan,”Master’sThesisofNavalPostgraduateSchool,California,June2006,p.34;A.Z.Hilali,“ContemporaryGeopoliticsofFATA:AnAnalysisoftheAfghanistan-PakistanBorderRegion,”TheJournalofSlavicMilitaryStudies,Vol.26,No.4,2013,p.600;: 《FATA》, 《》,20193,55。“PakistanAnnualPlan2021-2022,”DocumentofMinistryofPlanning,Development&SpecialInitiatives,GovernmentofPakistan,pp.68-70.https://www.pc.gov.pk/uploads/annualplan/AnnualPlan2021-22.pdf ①②③LacinIdilOztig,“Pakistan’sBorderPoliciesandSecurityDynamicsalongthePakistan-AfghanistanBorder,”JournalofBorderlandsStudies,November2018,p.10.。(Wazir)、(Masud)、。2004《》 (ShakaiPeaceAgreement)、2005《》(SararoghaPeaceAgreement)2006《》(NorthWaziristanAgreement)。,,。“AfghanNarcotrafficking:TheStateofAfghanistan’sBorders,”ReportofJointU.S.-RussiaWorkingGrouponAfghanNarcotraffickingofEastWestInstitute,April2015,p.11.https://www.eastwest.ngo/sites/default/files/ideas-files/Afghanistan-Borders.pdf (NationalSecurityPolicy),。①1997,2014《》,,;2001820028《》 (LocalGovernmentOrdinanc