可持续发展的亚洲与世界2022年度报告：绿色转型亚洲在行动

I 博鳌亚洲论坛 可持续发展的亚洲与世界2022年度报告 ——绿色转型亚洲在行动 对外经济贸易大学出版社 中国·北京 II 图书在版编目（CIP）数据 博鳌亚洲论坛可持续发展的亚洲与世界2022年度报告： 绿色转型亚洲在行动. —北京：对外经济贸易大学出版 社，2022.3 ISBN 978-7-5663-2387-3 I. ①博... II. III. ①经济发展−研究报告−亚洲− 2022②绿色经济−经济发展−研究报告−亚洲−2022 IV. ①F130.4 中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字（2022）第051562号 博鳌亚洲论坛可持续发展的亚洲与世界2022年度报告——绿色转型 亚洲在行动 责任编辑：高 卓 出版发行：对外经济贸易大学出版社 邮政编码：100029 社 址：北京市朝阳区惠新东街10号 邮购电话：010 − 64492338 网 址：www.uibep.com 发行部电话：010 − 64492342 资源网址：www.uibepresources.com E-mail：uibep@126.com 成品尺寸：215mm×278mm 印 刷：北京鑫益晖印刷有限公司 印 张：6.25 版 次：2022年3月北京第1版 字 数：160千字 印 次：2022年3月第1次印刷 ISBN 978-7-5663-2387-3 定 价：200.00元 III 序言 ······································································ IX 致谢 ······································································ XI 概要 ···································································· XIII 第 1 章 亚洲国家的碳中和承诺 ································· 01 1.1 碳中和承诺综述 ························································································· 01 1.2 绿色复苏和公正转型 ··················································································· 10 1.3 国际合作 ·································································································· 12 1.4 政策建议 ·································································································· 14 第 2 章 绿色治理 ··················································· 17 2.1 绿色治理结构 ···························································································· 17 2.2 案例研究 ·································································································· 20 2.3 建议 ········································································································ 24 第 3 章 为亚洲绿色转型融资 ···································· 25 3.1 简介 ········································································································ 25 3.2 全球绿色金融的发展概况 ············································································· 26 3.3 亚洲绿色资金和金融市场的现状 ·································································· 32 3.4 混合融资及 DFI 和 MDB 在绿色金融中的角色 ·················································· 38 3.5 未来之路 ·································································································· 45 第 4 章 绿色技术助力绿色转型 ································· 47 4.1 简介 ········································································································ 47 IV 4.2 太阳能光伏发电 ························································································· 49 4.3 风力发电 ·································································································· 53 4.4 绿色氢能 ·································································································· 56 4.5 生物燃料 ·································································································· 60 4.6 建筑环境中的能源效率 ················································································ 63 4.7 电动汽车 ·································································································· 66 第 5 章 亚洲企业的气候行动 ···································· 71 5.1 亚洲企业的气候参与 ··················································································· 71 5.2 建议 ········································································································ 77 5.3 案例 ········································································································ 78 V 表1-1 亚洲的碳中和目标和国家自主贡献 2030 目标概览 ································· 02 表1-2 部分亚洲国家修订后的 NDC 中气候减缓目标概要 ································· 05 表2-1 部分亚洲国家在碳/气候税方面的努力 ················································· 19 表2-2 具有市场机制的国家汇总 ································································· 20 表2-3 TMS 历年阈值 ··············································································· 23 表3-1 2019—2020 年来自公共部门和私营部门的气候融资（按资金流向划分） 的平均值 ······················································································ 28 表3-2 部分亚洲和全球交易所的 ESG 相关平台 ············································· 32 表3-3 2021 年中国主要绿色金融政策发展情况 ············································· 36 表4-1 不同技术的成本比较 ······································································· 57 表4-2 绿氢生产成本的范围 ······································································· 58 表4-3 主要汽车制造商的电动车目标 ··························································· 67 VI VII 图1-1 1990—2020 年全球碳排放前十名国家 ················································ 07 图1-2 1990—2020 年全球碳排放前十名国家人均碳排放 ································· 07 图1-3 2016—2020 年亚洲经济体 GDP 及碳排放量增长情况 ····················