布基纳法索国家环境分析：实现更清洁、更健康环境的挑战和机遇

a Cleaner and Healthier Environmentin Burkina Faso © 2026 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H StreetNW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet:www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings,interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views ofThe World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Theboundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work donot imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of anyterritory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encouragesdissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for non-commercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Citation: World Bank. 2026. Country Environmental Analysis - Challenges and Opportunitiesfor a Cleaner and Healthier Environment in Burkina Faso. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to WorldBank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax:202-522-2625; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org Cover photo: © Matthieu / Adobe Stock Graphic Design: PI COMM TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIX EXECUTIVE SUMMARYX Country Context1Scope and Objective of the Country Environmental Analysis2Methodology3 CHAPTER 1: ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION (WASTE, WATER,AIR POLLUTION) AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS7 Solid waste management7Water quality24Poor air quality: a public health issue26Mining: a key contributor to growth but at a cost to human and environmental health28 CHAPTER 2: POLICY, INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS32 CHAPTER 3: COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION (COED)37 Scope37Water39Air41Waste43Total cost of environmental degradation47 CHAPTER 4: OVERVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONEXPENDITURES, INCLUDING CLIMATE FINANCE51 CHAPTER 5: PATHWAYS FOR SUSTAINABLE POLLUTION MANAGEMENT56 Key Area 1: Strengthening institutional capacity and policy frameworks and enforcinglaws and regulations to enable sustainable environmental outcomes56Key Area 2: Developing and/or enhancing sustainable waste management valuechains, including circular economy approaches and responsible management andhandling of agrochemicals and biomedical waste57Key Area 3: Improving access to financial resources including throughpublic-private partnerships for sustainable pollution management at the centraland decentralized levels58 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES59 1. Household Solid Waste Management632. Plastic Waste643. Hazardous Industrial Waste654. Liquid Waste subsector (Wastewater and Excreta)665. Water Quality676. Indoor and Outdoor Air Quality687. Mining activities688. Policy699. Legal Framework6910. Institutional Framework7011. Financial Framework70 ANNEX 2. THE COED: METHODOLOGY AND STUDY LIMITATIONS71 ANNEX 3. LOCATION OF SOLID WASTE TREATMENT CENTERS ANDSLUDGE DUMP SITES IN THE FOUR CITIES74 Figures Figure 1.Map of the four cities in Burkina Faso covered by the CEA3Figure 2.Typology of Household Solid Waste in Ouagadougou7Figure 3.Access Rate to Sanitation Services21Figure 4.Volume of Sewage Sludge Collected and Treated at National Level(in 1000 m3)22Figure 5.Trends in the Volume of Treated Water and Treatment Parameters(2015–2022)23Figure 6.Map of Transboundary Basins in Burkina Faso25Figure 7.Trends in Registered Motor Vehicle in Burkina Faso (2011-2020)27Figure 8.Countries with the highest mortality rate due to unsafe WASH andto malaria39Figure 9.African countries with high mortality rates due to air pollution41Figure 10.Premature deaths caused by air pollution42Figure 11.Estimated COED by category (% of GDP, 2022)49Figure 12.Trend in the Ministry’s Budget Expenditures by Program(in billions FCFA)51Figure 13.Trends in Environmental Protection Expenditures by Source of Funding(in millions FCFA)53Figure 14.Trends in State Budget Climate Finance by Source of Funding(in millions FCFA)54Figure 15.Economic Value of Natural Resources71 Tables Table ES1.Key recommendations for environmental priority areas in Burkina FasoxivTable 1.Composition of the household survey sample for four cities5Table 2.Types of impacts and valuation methods used38Table 3.Impacts of unsafe WASH and inappropriate water resource management40Table 4.Impacts of air pollution on human health42Table 5.Cost of insufficient waste collection (2022)43Table 6.Cost of inadequate waste disposal (2022)44Table 7.Impact of untreated household wastewater and toilet sludge (2022)45Table 8.Health impacts due to exposure to lead (Pb) and carcinogens46Table 9.Estimated COED in Burkina Faso (2022)48Table 10.Ministry of En