2025年亚太地区可持续发展能源区域趋势报告

REGIONAL TRENDS REPORT ON ENERGYFOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2025 The Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) is the most inclusiveintergovernmental platform in the Asia-Pacific region. The Commission promotes cooperationamong its 53 member States and 9 associate members in pursuit of solutions to sustainabledevelopment challenges. ESCAP is one of the five regional commissions of the United Nations. The ESCAP secretariat supports inclusive, resilient and sustainable development in the regionbygenerating action-oriented knowledge,and by providing technical assistance andcapacity-building services in support of national development objectives, regional agreementsand the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Transforming energy systemsfor a low carbon futurein Asia and the Pacific REGIONAL TRENDS REPORT ON ENERGYFOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT United Nations publicationLanguage: EnglishSales no: E.25.II.F.9Copyright @ United Nations 2025All rights reservedISBN: 9789211545272eISBN: 9789211591699ISSN: 2618-107XeISSN: 2618-1088 This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyrightholder, provided that the source is acknowledged. The ESCAP Publications Office would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that usesthis publication as a source. No use may be made of this publication for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission. Applications for suchpermission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of reproduction, should be addressed to the Secretary of the Publications Board, UnitedNations, New York. ABBREVIATIONS ADBAsian Development BankAIartificial intelligenceASEANAssociation of Southeast Asian NationsCCUScarbon capture, utilization and storageCO2carbon dioxideDERsdistributed energy resourcesDSMdemand side managementESCAPEconomic and Social Commission for Asia and the PacificETSemissions trading systemsEVelectric vehiclesGDPgross domestic productGHGgreenhouse gasGWgigawattsIEAInternational Energy AgencyIoTInternet of thingsIRENAInternational Renewable Energy AgencykWkilowattsLDCleast developed countriesLLDClandlocked developing countriesLPGliquefied petroleum gasMJmegajoulesMtCO2emillion tons of carbon dioxide equivalentNDCsNationally Determined ContributionsPPPpurchasing power parityPVphotovoltaicsR&Dresearch and developmentSDGSustainable Development GoalsSIDSsmall island developing StatesSMEssmall and medium-sized enterprisesT&Dtransmission and distributiontCO2eton of carbon dioxide equivalentTFECtotal final energy consumptionTWterawattsVPPsvirtual power plantsVREvariable renewable energy FOREWORD The Asia-Pacific region stands at a significant point in its pursuit of asustainable and just energy future. Over the past decade, remarkablestrideshave been made in advancing energy access,expandingrenewable energy and promoting energy efficiency. These achievementsreflect the strong commitment of governments and partners. However, much more needs to be done to meet the targets of Sustainable DevelopmentGoal 7 (SDG 7) by 2030. Electrification has reached near-universal levels in many parts ofthe region, yet progress on clean cooking lags significantly behind. Despite its importancefor health, gender equity and environmental sustainability, the clean cooking sector remainsunderprioritized and underfunded. Nearly one billion people in Asia and the Pacific still rely ontraditional fuels, exposing households — especially women and children — to dangerous levelsof indoor air pollution. Addressing this disparity must be a regional priority. The region has emerged as a global leader in renewable electricity, more than tripling itsinstalled capacity over the last decade. But fossil fuels continue to dominate the region’s energymix, especially outside the power sector. Integrating renewables into heating and transport,alongside scaling up energy efficiency, is essential to accelerate decarbonization. Energy efficiency presents one of the most cost-effective pathways to decarbonization andresilience. Yet progress remains uneven, hindered by regulatory, financial and informationbarriers. Unlocking the full potential of energy efficiency will require systemic policy reformsand strategic investments. The energy transition must also be just and inclusive. Countries in the region are increasinglyembedding just transition principles in energy policy, addressing the needs of workers,communities and vulnerable populations. Regional cooperation, supported by knowledge-sharing, blended finance and modernized infrastructure, will be vital in accelerating progress. The2025 Regional Trends Reportoffers a comprehensive assessment of where the regionstands in its just energy transition and what must be done to ensure no one is left behind. Itprovides recommendations to boost investment, strengthen institutions, empower vulnerablegroups and foster inno