一个欧洲，一个市场路线图：建设欧洲的行动能力

One Europe, One MarketRoadmap: Building Enrico Letta President of the Jacques Delors Institute, former To ensure timely dissemination, the “Europe 2050” papers are publishedwithout editing or typesetting. These contributions will subsequently formthe basis of CEPR Paris Report 5, to be published at a later stage and OneEurope,One Market Roadmap:Building 1. Introduction The choices that Europe makes today will determine whether the Union can remain acompetitive economy, a cohesive society and a geopolitical actor in its own right by 2050. Thefoundationsof its economic power are being tested by an increasingly challenginginternational environment, and this long-term test has already begun. Geopolitical rivalry,technological disruption, trade tensions, vulnerabilities in supply chains and growing securityconcerns point to a structural shift in the global economy.Power is increasingly organisedaround large, integrated blocs that are capable of combining market scale, industrial The consequences are economic and strategic at the same time. Firms struggle to scaleacross borders. Fragmented capital markets limit the ability to channel European savings intoproductive investment. Insufficiently integrated energy markets and grids keep prices higherand more volatile. Divided digital and telecommunications markets weaken Europe’s capacityto build global players. These gaps reduce growth, but they also reduce influence.In a worldwhere economic scale increasingly shapes geopolitical weight, fragmentation makes Europeless able to set standards, defend its interests, reduce dependencies and respond to external TheOne Europe, One Market Roadmap, adopted in April 2026 by the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the European Commission, gives this objective aconcrete framework. It commits the three institutions to decisive progress in 2026 and by theend of 2027 at the latest, around five strategic building blocks: simplifying rules; creating amore integrated Single Market; championing strong trade; reducing energy prices anddecarbonising; and driving the digital and AI transformation. The value of the Roadmap lies in the organising axis of Europe’s competitiveness agenda and into one of the foundations on 2. The path to the Single Market Roadmap The One Europe, One Market Roadmap did not emerge in isolation.It was the outcome of agradual political process that turned Europe’s competitiveness debate into a structuredinstitutional agenda.The starting point was a shared diagnosis. Europe could not strengthenits competitiveness, reduce strategic dependencies or preserve its social model withoutaddressing the fragmentation of the Single Market.My Report and the Draghi Report both This logic was then reflected in the Competitiveness Compass, presented by the Commissionin January 2025 as the strategic framework for the new mandate. The Compass set out theneed to restore Europe’s economic dynamism by closing the innovation gap, advancingdecarbonisationand strengthening economic security.It also made clear that these objectives required a deeper and more functional Single Market, able to help firms scale up,mobilise investment and reduce unnecessary regulatory burdens. In the months that followed,the Commission launched or prepared a wide set of initiatives, including the Savings andInvestments Union Strategy, the European Grids package, the Digital Networks Act, several The Single Market Roadmap was designed to provide that framework.President von derLeyen first announced the need for a Single Market Roadmap in the 2025 State of the Unionaddress. This marked an important shift. The priority was no longer only to identify theremaining barriers to integration, but to create a political process capable of removing themwithin a defined timeframe.The next step came with the informal leaders’ retreat at AldenBiesen in February 2026,convened by President António Costa to discuss competitiveness,economic dependencies and the deepening of the Single Market. The retreat, which bothDraghi and I were invited to attend, offered a rare setting for a long-term discussion on the That political acceleration was consolidated in the European Council conclusions of 19March 2026. EU leaders launched the One Europe, One Market agenda, to be implemented in2026 where possible and by the end of 2027 at the latest. The conclusions identified concretemeasures and ambitious deadlines to strengthen competitiveness, strategic autonomy andeconomicsecurity,while sustaining Europe’s prosperity and social model.They also A few weeks later, in April 2026, the European Parliament, the Council and the Commissiontranslated that mandate into a joint interinstitutional Roadmap. The final text preserved thecentral ambition of the previous steps while adding a clearer institutional balance: the 3. What the Roadmap changes This path illustrates the nature of the Roadmap. It is the result of a process that moved fromanalysis to priorit