尼日利亚的知识产权裁决

Intellectual Property Benchbook Series Series editor: Justice Stephen Burley Introduction to the International IntellectualProperty Legal Framework Intellectual Property Adjudication in Indonesia Intellectual Property Adjudication in Nigeria Intellectual Property Adjudication inthe Philippines Intellectual Property Adjudication in Sri Lanka Intellectual Property Benchbook Series IntellectualPropertyAdjudication inNigeria © WIPO, 2026 This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution4.0 International. First published 2026 The user is allowed to reproduce, distribute, adapt, translate andpublicly perform this publication, including for commercial purposes,without explicit permission, provided that the content is accompaniedby an acknowledgment that WIPO is the source and that it is clearlyindicated if changes were made to the original content. World Intellectual Property Organization34, chemin des Colombettes, P.O. Box 18CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland ISBN: 978-92-805-3919-6 (print)ISBN: 978-92-805-3920-2 (online) Suggested citation: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)(2026).Intellectual Property Adjudication in Nigeria. Geneva: WIPO.DOI:https://doi.org/10.34667/tind.59422 Adaptation/translation/derivatives should not carry any official emblemor logo, unless they have been approved and validated by WIPO. Pleasecontact us via the WIPO website to obtain permission. Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Cover: Bolaji Alonge via Getty Images For any derivative work, please include the following disclaimer: “TheSecretariat of WIPO assumes no liability or responsibility with regard tothe transformation or translation of the original content.” When content published by WIPO, such as images, graphics, trademarksor logos, is attributed to a third party, the user of such content is solelyresponsible for clearing the rights with the right holder(s). To view a copy of this license, please visithttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Any dispute arising under this license that cannot be settled amicablyshall be referred to arbitration in accordance with Arbitration Rules of theUnited Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) thenin force. The parties shall be bound by any arbitration award rendered asa result of such arbitration as the final adjudication of such a dispute. The designations employed and the presentation of materialthroughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinionwhatsoever on the part of WIPO concerning the legal status of anycountry, territory or area or of its authorities, or concerning thedelimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. This publication is not intended to reflect the views of the MemberStates or the WIPO Secretariat. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturersdoes not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WIPO inpreference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Contents Foreword by WIPO9 Foreword by the Supreme Court of Nigeria10 Acknowledgments12 Abbreviations and acronyms13 Chapter 1 Preliminary matters14 1.1Introduction141.2Sources of law141.2.1International legal framework141.2.2Regional legal framework151.2.3National legal framework15 1.3Administrative bodies161.3.1Trademarks, Patents and Designs Registry161.3.2Nigerian Copyright Commission17 1.4Judicial system181.4.1Federal High Court181.4.2Court of Appeal181.4.3Supreme Court19 Chapter 2 Intellectual property rights in Nigeria 21 2.1Introduction212.2Trademarks212.2.1What is a trademark in Nigeria?212.2.2Sources of law222.2.3Requirements for a valid trademark222.2.3.1Registrability requirements222.2.3.2Distinctiveness requirement232.2.3.3Excluded subject matter232.2.3.4Defensive and associated trademarks242.2.4Obtaining trademark protection252.2.4.1Registration of a trademark252.2.4.2Refusal of registration262.2.4.3Defending unregistered trademarks262.2.5Rights conferred262.2.5.1Ownership262.2.5.2Assignment and transfer272.2.5.3Limitations and exceptions272.2.5.4Duration272.2.6Challenges to the validity of a trademark27 2.2.7Establishing trademark infringement28 2.3Patents29 2.3.4Obtaining patent protection302.3.4.1Eligible applicants302.3.4.2Procedural requirements312.3.4.3Grant of patent32 2.3.5Rights conferred322.3.5.1Exclusive rights322.3.5.2Assignment and transfer332.3.5.3Limitation, exhaustion and prior use332.3.5.4Duration332.3.6Challenges to the validity of a patent332.3.7Establishing patent infringement34 2.4Copyright and related rights 2.4.1What are copyright and related rights in Nigeria?352.4.2Sources of law352.4.3Requirements for valid copyright and related rights352.4.3.1Originality and fixed form requirements352.4.3.2Excluded subject matter362.4.4Obtaining copyright and related rights protection362.4.5Rights conferred362.4.5.1Economic and moral rights362.4.5.2Ownership362.4.5.3Limitations and exceptions372.4.5.4Assignment and transfer382.4.5.5Duration382.4.6Challenges to the