第十届移民观察报告：‘欧洲移民融入’

TOMMASO FRATTINIWITHANISSA BOUCHLAGHEM IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION INEUROPE 10th Migration Observatory ReportMay 2026 CEPR PRESS Centre for Economic Policy Research187 boulevard Saint-Germain75007 Paris, France2 Coldbath SquareLondon EC1R 5HL, UKTel: +44 (20) 7183 8801Fax: +44 (20) 7183 8820Email: cepr@cepr.orgWeb: www.cepr.orgISBN: 978-1-917343-03-9ISBN: 978-88-946015-5-8© CEPR and Centro Studi Luca d’Agliano 2026 IMMIGRANT INTEGRATION INEUROPE 10th Migration Observatory Report May 2026 Tommaso Frattini (University of Milan, LdA and CEPR)withAnissa Bouchlaghem (LdA) This report is prepared within the Migration Observatory project, jointly carried outby Collegio Carlo Alberto and Centro Studi Luca d’Agliano and funded by FondazioneCompagnia di San Paolo. CENTRO STUDI LUCA D'AGLIANO CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC POLICY RESEARCH (CEPR) The Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), founded in the UK in 1983 and nowhead-quartered in Paris, is a network of almost 2,000 research economists based mostlyin European universities, with a twofold goal: to promote world-class research, and toget the policy-relevant results into the hands of key decision-makers. CEPR’s guidingprinciple is ’Research excellence with policy relevance’. CEPR is independent of all public and private interest groups. It takes no institutionalstand on economic policy matters. The opinions expressed in this report are those of theauthors and not those of CEPR. MIGRATION OBSERVATORY The Migration Observatory is a Centro Studi Luca d’Agliano - Collegio Carlo Albertojoint research initiative which has been funded by the Compagnia di San Paolo since2016. The main objective is to study analytically topical issues on migration, such as theimplications of different migration policies from an international and cross-disciplinaryperspective. Also, it aims to construct a critical mass of academic knowledge in order toincrease the visibility of Collegio Carlo Alberto and Centro Studi Luca d’Agliano in thepolicy debate. CENTRO STUDI LUCA D’AGLIANO The Centro Studi Luca d’Agliano was founded in Turin in 1986 by the family of Lucad’Agliano, his friends, and some of his teachers. It is currently located at the CollegioCarlo Alberto in Torino and at the University of Milan. It is a non-profit researchinstitution contributing original research in the field of international and developmenteconomics. Particular emphasis is placed on the training of young scholars and in givingthem the opportunity of acquiring a truly international perspective. The activities of theCentro Studi mainly focus on academic research, but it also greatly contributes to thepolicy debate. FONDAZIONE COLLEGIO CARLO ALBERTO The Collegio Carlo Alberto is a foundation created in 2004 as a joint initiative of theCompagnia di San Paolo and the University of Torino. Its mission is to foster researchand high education in the social sciences, in accordance with the values and practices ofthe international academic community, through a threefold action plan: the productionof firstrate research in Economics, Public Policy, Social Sciences and Law; the provisionoftoplevel undergraduate and graduate education in the above disciplines;thecontribution to the public policy debate. Contents Executive summaryviPart I - Immigrant integration in Europe in 2024viPart II - A decade of change in the economic integration of migrants (2015-2024)ixIntroduction1PART I: IMMIGRANTS IN THE EUROPEAN LABOUR MARKET3Immigrant population - size3Immigrant population - characteristics4Immigrant population - labour market outcomes6PART II: A DECADE OF CHANGE IN THE ECONOMIC INTEGRATION OF MIGRANTS(2015-2024)17Migrants as a structural component of European societies18Changing composition of the migrant population19Conclusions33Tables appendix – Part I35Tables appendix – Part II60Technical appendix – Part I104Technical appendix - Part II107 Executive summary This is the 10th edition of the Migration Observatory annual report on immigrantintegration in Europe. The report draws on data from the latest edition of the European Labour Force Survey(2024) and is structured in two parts. In the first, we provide a concise, easily accessible,and up-to-date overview of the size, characteristics, and relative economic performanceof the foreign-born population across European countries. In the second part, we analysehow such aspects have evolved over the last ten years, comparing size, demographicprofile, educational attainment, and labour market outcomes of immigrants in 2015 andin 2024. 10TH MIGRATION OBSERVATORY REPORTThe decade 2015-2024 was characterised by structural upgrading and employmentexpansion across Europe. Migrants participated in this transformation and improved inabsolute terms across several dimensions. However, relative gaps with natives narrowedonly marginally. The stability of baseline gaps masks substantial internal shifts inorigin composition, duration of stay, and cross-country dynamics. Economic integrat