2025量子浪潮将至：重塑量子优势竞争格局的五大核心现实研究报告

5 realities shaping the race to advantage Contents Introduction............................................................. 2 Reality #1Organizational readiness is justas critical as tech maturity....................................... 6 Reality #2Portfolio approaches hedge against Reality #3Quantum and AI amplifyeach other’s impact.............................................12 Reality #4Talent gaps will expand withquantum sophistication.........................................15 Reality #5Responsible computing must be built in,not bolted on..........................................................18 How IBMcan help IBM Quantum® is a full-stack quantum computingprovider. Organizations can access the world’slargest fleet of 100+ qubit quantum computers 2Quantum is coming Key “From exploration to exploitation,we want to show credible reasons Quantum readiness is steadily The global Quantum Readiness Index rose six pointssince 2023, with leading organizations building Dr. Vanio MarkovDistinguished Engineer, Wells Fargo Five evidence-based realities aredefining quantum leadership today. Success hinges on strategic readiness, diversifiedapproaches, AI-quantum integration, continuous talent The window for quantum readiness Organizations building capabilities now expect 53%higher ROI by 2030, while delayed action risks missing Introduction Quantum computing is on the cusp of advantage—the pivotal point atwhich quantum computers can run a computation more accurately,cheaply, or efficiently than any classical method. Recent research But quantum advantage won’t arrive as a single “aha” moment. It’ll come in waves,rippling across different industries and use cases, moving the technology forwarduntil it achieves business value.2Even as enterprises race to adapt to AI, quantum The IBM Institute for Business Value (IBM IBV) developed its Quantum ReadinessIndex (QRI) in 2023 to identify where organizations fall on the readiness spectrum, thecharacteristics that define a quantum-ready organization today, and what actions canpropel organizations on their their quantum journey (see Perspective, “The QuantumReadiness Index”). Leveraging proprietary data from an in-depth survey of C-suite Among the organizations surveyed, we designated those with the highest QRI scores(the top 10%) as quantum-ready organizations (QROs). These organizations aredifferentiated as much by their attitude and approach as they are by their technology. 88%are looking to future-proof their computing 83%are aiming to solveintractable businessproblems. While organizational readiness has advanced since 2023, challenges remain. Acrossthe board, organizations are dealing with inadequate quantum skills (61%), immaturetechnology (56%), unclear use case timelines (46%), and expensive hardware (41%). What separates the quantum-ready from the quantum-waiting is this: QROs havemoved beyond acknowledging barriers to fundamentally dismantling them. In thisreport, we explore five critical realities enabling quantum leadership, as revealed by FIGURE 1Figure 1 Commitment to quantum varies across industriesCommitment to quantum varies across industries Investment in quantum computing as a percentage of organizational R&D budget, by industry Investment in quantum computing as a percentage Perspective The Quantum Readiness Index The Quantum Readiness Index (QRI) is a weighted average index that monitors theglobal state of quantum readiness, evaluating indicators across three dimensions:strategy, technology, and operations. Scores for each indicator are weighted basedon our experience with clients. The result of this data is a 100-point index designed This year, the average global QRI score rose to 28—up six points from 2023—signalinggradual progress while still reflecting low overall readiness levels. However, the top10% of organizations, which we’ve designated designated as QROs, demonstrate While operational maturity remains the dominant driver of readiness today, weanticipate that strategy and advanced technology capabilities will play a growing roleas adoption increases. This evolution underscores the need for organizations to not For a complete description of the QRI methodology, see “Research methodology” “Building the quantum market requires teamwork acrossthe ecosystem: hardware providers, software startups, “Quantum computing is not something you simplybuy and switch on. You must invest in talent, know Reality #1 Organizational readiness is justas critical as tech maturity. It’s tempting to assume that once quantum systems reach specific But technology alone cannot deliver quantum advantage. True advantage arisesfrom the complex interplay of hardware, algorithms, applications, and workflowintegration—within hybrid classical-quantum environments and, increasingly, Our research shows that viewing immature technology as the biggest barrier toquantum adoption makes an organization four times more likely to expect delaye