阿富汗母婴营养：行为和规范障碍的定性探索

Qualitative Exploration ofBehavioral and Normative Barriers Table of Contents Executive Summary............................................................................................................................Introduction.........................................................................................................................................Diagnostic Framework.......................................................................................................................Methodology........................................................................................................................................Sample Characteristics ...................................................................................................................Findings.................................................................................................................................................A. Food Planning and Purchasing ..................................................................................................B. Food Preparation and Household Consumption ....................................................................C. Nutrition Practices ......................................................................................................................D. Sources of Knowledge on Nutrition .........................................................................................E. Nutrition Supplement Perceptions and Use ............................................................................F. Role of Front-Line Health Workers in Nutrition .......................................................................Discussion.............................................................................................................................................A. Beliefs and Attitudes Dimensions .............................................................................................B. Psychosocial Dimensions ............................................................................................................C. Contextual Dimensions ...............................................................................................................D. Barriers and Levers to Nutritional Intake .................................................................................Recommendations...............................................................................................................................Conclusion............................................................................................................................................APPENDIX.............................................................................................................................................A. UNICEF Conceptual Framework on Maternal and Child Nutrition .......................................B. Socio-demographic Characteristics of Participants ..............................................................References............................................................................................................................................3681011131329222831343939404042434850505051 Executive Summary Malnutrition remains a persistent crisis inAfghanistan, particularly among Pregnant andBreastfeeding Women (PBW) and childrenunder five. Between January 2026 andDecember 2026, over 3.7 million children aged6-59 months and 1.2 million PBW are projectedto suffer from acute malnutrition (IPC 2025). Key findings include: Food Planning and Purchasing01 Women decide; men purchase:Mothers-In-Law (MILs) determine what food isneeded, and men execute purchases,highlighting restriction on women’smobility and decision-making abilitywithin the household. Despite humanitarian aid, behavioral,normative, and contextual barriers severelyhinder optimal maternal and child nutrition.This diagnostic report, grounded inqualitative fieldwork across Kabul, Faryab,and Nangarharprovinces, provides anin-depth look at the lived realities, decision-making dynamics, and nutritional practices inAfghan households. Affordability > Nutrition:Householdsprioritize cheap staples like flour, bread,and potatoes. Nutrient-rich foods—milk, eggs, fruits, meat—are viewed asbeneficial but often unaffordable, unlessit is available from own production. The present study aims to unpack themost commonly held beliefs (not rooted inreligion or culture), practices and attitudesaround nutrition, and how these intersectwith cultural norms, gender roles, economicconstraints, and psychosocial factors. Anadapted UNICEF Maternal and Child Healthframework is used, separating nutritionbehaviors into three critical stages: foodprocurement, preparation, and consumption,influenced by both behavioral and contextualfactors. In addition to these stages, we alsoexplore sources of knowledge, perceptionsand use of supplements, and the role of Front-Line health Workers (FLWs) to provi