加速风能与可再生能源以实现能源安全——一项打破能源危机循环的风能行动计划

A WIND ACTION PLANTO BREAK THE CYCLE OFENERGY CRISES 12 MARCH 2026 CONTEXT The escalation of tensions involving Iran, the U.S., Israel and other entities in February andMarch 2026 has once again exposed the hazards of global fossil fuel supply chains andenergy system dependence. The closure of the Strait of Hormuz – a critical chokepoint forglobal shipping – has halted a large share of tanker traffic, creating chaos in oil and gasmarkets and forcing curtailments at major energy facilities including the Ras Tanura Refineryand LNG export infrastructure in Qatar. The economic consequences are spreading well beyond energy markets globally. Theprice of a barrel of oil broke the US$100 mark on 9 March 2026.Rising oil and gascosts in many markets are feeding directly into electricity prices, increasing inflationarypressures and costs for consumers. Analysts expect that even a temporary spike in oil pricesmay slow global growth by 0.4pp, while sustained oil price elevation beyond three monthsmay lead to significant inflation across gasoline, transportation, utilities, production andother sectors linked to energy prices across the economy (see Annex).12 In response, many countries are introducing emergency measures such as price caps andfuel subsidies to shield households and industries from the immediate impacts. However,these interventions are only quick fixes and often fiscally difficult to sustain, particularly forlower-income and energy-importing economies which are more exposed to global fuelprice shocks. HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF We have seen this before. Fossil fuel price volatility destabilised markets and runawayinflation reverberated across economies after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022,during the Gulf War in the 1990s and following supply disruption and politicalupheaval in the Middle East in the 1970s. This pattern has become a feature of the fossil fuel economy, demonstrating how quicklygeopolitical conflict can send oil, gas and coal prices surging, forcing governments tostep in to shield consumers from high inflation. In many countries, particularly within theGulf region, the impacts on costs extend further through the food-energy-water nexus,affecting human welfare. The lesson of the last half-century is clear:Diversifying energy systems is no longer just a climate objective; it isdisciplined risk management for the modern, interconnected world. For governments, the implications are strategic. Energy systems that are heavilydependent on imported fossil fuels will remain exposed to geopolitical chokepoints,recurrent supply disruptions and price volatility, posing a direct threat to energy security. RENEWABLES ARE THE SOLUTIONTO ENERGY SECURITY Countries that moved quickly to diversify their energy systems and accelerate renewabledeployment in the last few years are now better protected from the fossil fuel priceshocks and financial contagion caused by distant conflicts (see Annex). Several countries are already deploying rapid response mechanisms in response to thecurrent crisis. South Korea’s president has called for a strategic expansion of renewableenergy to shield the country from future geopolitical shocks and energy price volatility.The leaders of the UK, France and Spain have echoed similar commitments to doubledown on renewables and reduce dependency on fossil fuels.3 Emerging markets are joining the call as well. For example, the Egyptian governmenthas pledged to add 2,500 MW of wind and solar capacity to the national grid beforenext summer to ensure a stable and reliable electricity supply.4 WIND IS THE KEY TO UNLOCKINGRENEWABLES FOR ENERGY SECURITY We have seen this before. Fossil fuel price volatility destabilised markets and runawayinflation reverberated across economies after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022,during the Gulf War in the 1990s and following supply disruption and politicalupheaval in the Middle East in the 1970s. This pattern has become a feature of the fossil fuel economy, demonstrating how quicklygeopolitical conflict can send oil, gas and coal prices surging, forcing governments tostep in to shield consumers from high inflation. In many countries, particularly within theGulf region, the impacts on costs extend further through the food-energy-water nexus,affecting human welfare. WIND POWER AS A STRATEGIC HEDGE Renewable energy deployment and energy security are fundamentally aligned. Windpower in particular provides a limitless, domestic and scalable source of electricity withpredictable long-term costs. Once grid and project infrastructure is built, countries cantap into wind generation for near-zero marginal costs, insulating economies from globalfuel price volatility. The most secure energy systems avoid over-reliance on any single fuel source, supplieror transit corridor. Wind energy plays a central role in this diversification: Wind strengthens energy sovereignty.It is a limitless, homegrown power source thatis inherently better protected