人工智能系统@工作：不断变化的心理社会工作环境

Author / Tahmina Karimova © International Labour Organization 2026 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. See:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The user is allowed to reuse, share (copy and redistrib-ute), adapt (remix, transform and build upon the original work) as detailed in the licence. Theuser must clearly credit the ILO as the source of the material and indicate if changes were made Attribution– The user must indicate if changes were made and must cite the work as follows:Karimova, T.AI Systems at Work: A Changing Psychosocial Work Environment. ILO Working Paper170. Geneva: International Labour Office, 2026.© ILO. Translations– In case of a translation of this work, the following disclaimer must be added along with the attribution:This is a translation of a copyrighted work of the International LabourOrganization (ILO). This translation has not been prepared, reviewed or endorsed by the ILO and shouldnot be considered an official ILO translation. The ILO disclaims all responsibility for its content and ac- Adaptations– In case of an adaptation of this work, the following disclaimer must be addedalong with the attribution:This is an adaptation of a copyrighted work of the International LabourOrganization (ILO). This adaptation has not been prepared, reviewed or endorsed by the ILO and shouldnot be considered an official ILO adaptation. The ILO disclaims all responsibility for its content and ac- Third-party materials– This Creative Commons licence does not apply to non-ILO copyright ma-terials included in this publication. If the material is attributed to a third party, the user of such Any dispute arising under this licence that cannot be settled amicably shall be referred to arbitra-tion in accordance with the Arbitration Rules of the United Nations Commission on International For details on rights and licensing, contact:rights@ilo.org. For details on ILO publications anddigital products, visit:www.ilo.org/publns. ISBN 9789220434079 (print), ISBN 9789220434086 (web PDF), ISBN 9789220434109 (epub), ISBN9789220434093 (html). ISSN 2708-3438 (print), ISSN 2708-3446 (digital) https://doi.org/10.54394/00034098 The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nationspractice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. See:www.ilo.org/disclaimer. The opinions and views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not nec-essarily reflect the opinions, views or policies of the ILO. Reference to names of firms and commercial products and processes does not imply their en-dorsement by the ILO, and any failure to mention a particular firm, commercial product or pro- Information on ILO publications and digital products can be found at:www.ilo.org/research-and-publications ILO Working Papers summarize the results of ILO research in progress, and seek to stimulatediscussion of a range of issues related to the world of work. Comments on this ILO Working Paperare welcome and can be sent toresearch@ilo.org. Authorization for publication: Caroline Fredrickson, Director, Research Department ILO Working Papers can be found at:www.ilo.org/research-and-publications/working-papers Suggested citation:Karimova, T. 2026.AI Systems at Work: A Changing Psychosocial Work Environment, ILO Working Paper 170 (Geneva, ILO).https://doi.org/10.54394/00034098 Abstract The dominant framing of AI systems at work focuses on the opportunities that AI-basedtechnologies offer to improve workplace safety and health. With few exceptions, little is done tomap and understand the negative implications of these technologies. Nonetheless, there is asmall but growing awareness of the need to critically review whether the preventive approachoffered by existing occupational safety and health frameworks is fit for purpose when address-ing risks associated with the deployment of AI-based systems in the world of work. The debateon this topic is active at the regulatory level. Various jurisdictions are developing general AI About the authors Tahmina Karimovais a lawyerspecialisedinpublicinternational law,sustainabledevelop-ment, international labour standards, human rightslaw, and arms control. She is a Law ResearchSpecialist at the RESEARCH Department, ILO. Previously, she has worked as a Human RightsOfficer in the Office oftheHigh Commissioner for Human Rights, and prior to that as a Research Table of contents The world of work and the nature of work are undergoing significant transformations as a resultof digitalization, including AI-based technologies.1Throughout workplaces, artificial intelligence(AI) is increasingly being used as a tool for the tasks that workers perform, but also for the entirecycle of the employment relationship, including recruitment