可再生能源驱动的可持续发展：佛得角

CABO VERDE © IRENA 2026 Unless otherwise stated, material in this publication may be freely used, shared, copied, reproduced, printed and/or stored,provided that appropriate acknowledgement is given of IRENA as the source and copyright holder. Material in this publication ISBN: 978-92-9260-730-2 Citation:IRENA (2026),Sustainable development powered by renewables: Cabo Verde, InternationalRenewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi. About IRENA The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) is an intergovernmental organisation that supportscountries in their transition to a sustainable energy future, and serves as the principal platform for internationalco-operation, a centre of excellence, and a repository of policy, technology, resource and financial knowledgeon renewable energy. IRENA promotes the widespread adoption and sustainable use of all forms of renewable www.irena.org ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was authored by Edi Assoumou (IRENA consultant), Adrian Gonzalez (IRENA), Arina Anisie andJuan Pablo Jimenez Navarro (ex-IRENA). Relevant contributions were made by Gayathri Nair and RebeccaBisangwa (IRENA) and Danielson Dias (ex-IRENA). The report was developed under the guidance of Francisco The report benefited from the expert input and review of Anildo Costa (consultant, formerly Ministry ofEnergy of Cabo Verde), Hyacinth Elayo (ECREEE), Hernani Almeida and Luis Teixeira (Electra S.A.) and Marie Valuable input was also provided by IRENA colleagues Paul Komor, Kamlesh Dookayka, Giedre Viskantaite,Diala Hawila, Athir Nouicer, James Walker and Arno van den Bos. Editing and production were managed by Francis Field with the support of Stephanie Clarke. The report wascopyedited by Justin French-Brooks, with graphic design by Myrto Petrou. IRENA is grateful for the generous support of Wallonia (Kingdom of Belgium). For further information or to provide feedback:publications@irena.org This report can be downloaded fromwww.irena.org/publications Disclaimer This publication and the material herein are provided “as is”. All reasonable precautions have been taken by IRENA to verify the reliabilityof the material in this publication. However, neither IRENA nor any of its officials, agents, data or other third-party content providersprovides a warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, and they accept no responsibility or liability for any consequence of use of The information contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of all Members of IRENA. The mention of specific companiesor certain projects or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by IRENA in preference to others of a similarnature that are not mentioned. The designations employed and the presentation of material herein do not imply the expression of any CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CONTEXT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6KEY CHALLENGES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 SOLUTION I:ENHANCING FLEXIBILITY AND SYSTEM SECURITY IMPROVING GENERATION PREDICTABILITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10REDUCING POWER LOSSES AND INCREASING ELECTRICITY AFFORDABILITY. . . . . . .10 SOLUTION II:INCREASING RELIABILITY AND FLEXIBILITY ENHANCING THE ELECTRIFICATION OF END USES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14HARNESSING FLEXIBILITY VIA SMART ELECTRIFICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 CONCLUSION REFERENCES INTRODUCTION Cabo Verde has committed to a sustainable development pathway, aiming to achieve net-zerogreenhouse gas emissions by 2040. This ambition places the electricity sector at the centre of the The transition is particularly complex due to the geography and infrastructure of the country.Cabo Verde comprises nine inhabited islands, each operating its own isolated power system. Theabsence of interconnections between islands limits the ability to share resources, balance supply Despite these challenges, Cabo Verde has made progress in expanding access to electricity, with93% of the population connected to the grid. The current power mix remains dominated by fossil Achieving this target will require more than technological upgrades. It calls for the co-ordinateddeployment of innovations across multiple dimensions: technology and infrastructure, marketdesign and regulation, system planning and operation, and business models. A systemic innovation Context •Cabo Verde comprises nine inhabited islands, each operating as an independent power system.There are no interconnections between the islands, which limits the ability to share resources •The country relies heavily on imported fossil fuels, which account for approximately 80% ofits total electricity supply. Renewable energy sources, primarily solar and wind, contribute lessthan 20%. Renewable energy capacity grew