在亚行绿色债券框架下确定冰川融化项目（英）2026

This brochure provides the eligibility criteria to identify “glacier-melt” projects among the projects currently under the AsianDevelopment Bank (ADB) Green Bond Framework. Glacier-melt projects are those set to increase the resilience of communitiesand infrastructure that rely on glacier-fed ecosystems and ecosystem services, and contribute to the preservation, resilience,and sustainable management of glacier ecosystems and the communities that depend on them. The glacier-melt projects will beincluded in future issuances of theGreen Bond to Raise Awareness of Glacier Melt, therefore enhancing action toward adapting andreducing the impacts of related hazards in vulnerable regions. These projects increase resilience through adaptation1activities thataddress risks associated with climate change-induced changes in the mountain cryosphere,2such as water resource variability andemerging or more intense natural hazards. These projects may also include activities that contribute to the reduction of greenhousegas (GHG) emissions and other climate change mitigation co-benefits included within the Green Bond Framework. Glacier-melt projects must align with the International Capital Market Association’s project categories indicated in theGreen Bond PrinciplesVoluntary Process Guidelines for Issuing Green Bonds(2025)3and may include projects under the following: Ecosystem and Livelihood Adaptation Water Resources Management •Restoring high-altitude wetlands and alpineecosystems to enhance glacier and/or snowmeltwater retention, or glacier preservation. •Enhancing water conservation, efficiency, availability,quality or resilient water management or storage practicesin glacier melt-dependent regions.•Developing infrastructure that is resilient to seasonalglacier and/or snow meltwater variability.•Supporting climate-resilient agricultural practices inglacier-dependent regions. Community Capacity Building •Conducting training programs focused on climaterisk management and adaptive strategies inmountainous regions. Disaster Risk Reduction Cultural Recognition •Implementing early warning systems for landslides andfloods, including glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs).•Constructing resilient energy, transportation orcommunity infrastructure to mitigate glacial/pro-glacialhazard impacts, such as GLOFs, floods, landslides,avalanches, and debris flow. •Protecting or mitigating measures specificallyaimed at preserving glaciers of cultural significance. Renewable energy projects •Mitigating or adapting to the effects ofclimate change in the mountain cryosphere. 1In the context of geo- or hydrotechnical hazards, refers to the strategies, actions, and measures taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life, property,infrastructure, and the environment from hazardous geological processes. These processes can include landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, flooding,snow avalanches, permafrost degradation, and other ground instabilities.2The mountain cryosphere encompasses glaciers, glacial lakes, glacial valleys, snow, and permafrost.3International Capital Market Association. 2025.Green Bond Principles Voluntary Process Guidelines for Issuing Green Bonds. STEP 2: Is the river system currently materially sustained by contributions from glacier melt?12 STEP 3: Is the project designed to reduce water stress or manage water resources affected by climate change-inducedvariations in the contributions of glacier melt? Evidence•Explicit statements in the project’s concept note, or•Outcome, outputs, and indicators in the project’s design and monitoring framework, or•Explicit statements in the rationale section of the report and recommendation of the President (RRP) and its annex onclimate change assessments. Examples Examples of project objectives and/or activities that address risks from changes in glacier-melt contributions to streamflow in response to climatechange include the following: •Watershed management that preserves environmental requirements, ecosystems, and ecosystem services.•Water storage and watershed management that prevent and monitor water scarcity, such as basin-wide water use planning to avoid shortagesin supply to agriculture, industry, and domestic use sectors, irrigation supply stabilization, or seasonal water storage (hydropower generationstabilization).•Water quality protection and providing potable water security.•Long-term water storage and watershed management through active glacier preservation, such as local control of dust emission and blackcarbon production, or direct mitigation options including nature-based solutions, or technical ice and snow production. B. WATERSHED WITH EXTENSIVE PERMAFROST AND POTENTIAL FOR PERIGLACIAL HAZARDS OCCURRENCE Due to its role in impacting high mountain hydrology and hazards, the presence and ongoing degradation of permafrost is considered animportant factor in climate change-related risks. In high mountain terrain, the distrib