科学与工程指标：STEM人才：教育、培训与劳动力

NSB-2026-1|February 12, 2026 Table Of Contents Executive Summary U.S. STEM Workforce Scale and Composition5U.S. STEM Workforce Growth and Economic Impact5K–12 STEM Education Performance and Challenges6Higher Education STEM Pipeline and International Competitiveness6 Postsecondary Enrollment in STEM63Transition to Employment for Research Doctorate Recipients65 K–12 STEM Education70STEM Doctoral Degrees, Stay Rates, and Internationally Mobile Students75 Definitions84Key to Acronyms and Abbreviations84 Contact Us Contact UsNCSES List of Tables TAL-1Workforce, occupational groups, and examples8TAL-2Median earnings of full-time, year-round workers, by educational attainment and occupational group: 202315TAL-3Share of STEM workforce, by state: 2013–2319TAL-4Workers, by region of birth and occupational group: 202322TAL-5Foreign-born workers, by selected region, country, or economy of origin and occupational group: 202323TAL-6Citizenship status of foreign-born STEM workers, by selected region, country, or economy of origin: 202324TAL-7Measures of population with a bachelor's or an advanced degree, by field of study: 202326TAL-8Workers in major industries, by occupational group: 202329TAL-9STEM workforce and the educational attainment, citizenship status, and country or economy of the foreign-born STEMworkforce, by major industry: 202331TAL-10Average scores of students in grades 4, 8, and 12 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by race or ethnicity:202438TAL-11S&E-related degrees awarded, by degree level and field: 2013 and 202347TAL-12Recent recipients of their first bachelor's degrees who reported attending community college, by timing of attendanceand broad field area: 202360TAL-13Degrees awarded by HBCUs and TCCUs, by degree level and field area: 202361TAL-14Among fall 2009 ninth graders who started as a STEM major and completed a postsecondary degree by 2021,percentage who completed a STEM degree, by student characteristics63TAL-15S&E doctorate recipients with definite postgraduation commitments, by location of commitments, citizenship status,and field of doctorate: 202366TAL-16Average CIL and CT scores of U.S. students in grade 8, by race or ethnicity and school poverty level: 202374TAL-17Postgraduation plans of U.S. S&E doctorates on temporary resident visas to stay in the United States, by broad field ofdoctorate and country or economy of origin: 2012–2378TAL-18U.S. stay rates for S&E doctorates holding temporary U.S. visas at doctoral graduation, by key characteristics: 202380TAL-19Internationally mobile students enrolled in tertiary education, by selected country of destination: 2017–2381 List of Figures TAL-1Size of the workforce, by occupational group and education level: 20239TAL-2Workforce, by occupational group and sex: 202310TAL-3Share of workers of each racial or ethnic group employed in STEM occupations, by race or ethnicity: 202311TAL-4Workforce, by occupational group and educational attainment: 202312TAL-5Field of study of highest degree and occupational group of S&E, S&E-related, and non-STEM workers with a bachelor'sor an advanced degree: 202313TAL-6Unemployment rate, by occupational group: 2013–2314TAL-7Workers, by occupational group and rural/urban classification: Five-year sample, 2019–2316TAL-8Workers, by occupational group, rural/urban classification, and educational attainment: Five-year sample, 2019–2317TAL-9Size of the workforce, by occupational group: 2013–2318TAL-10Projected employment size, by occupational group: 2024 and 203421 TAL-11Share of STEM workers with credentials, by credential type and educational attainment: 202425TAL-12Measures of population with a bachelor's or an advanced degree, by field of study, sex, and race and ethnicity: 202327TAL-13Share of workers in R&D-intensive industries, by occupational group: 2017 and 202232TAL-14Share of workers in occupational groups, by R&D intensity: 202234TAL-15Average scores of students in grades 4 and 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment: 1990–202435TAL-16Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by percentile: 1990–202436TAL-17Average scores of students in grades 4 and 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by sex and socioeconomicstatus: 202437TAL-18Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by teacher characteristics: 202439TAL-19Average scores of students in grade 8 on the main NAEP mathematics assessment, by state: 202440TAL-20Public high schools offering mathematics, science, and computer science courses: 2020–2141TAL-21S&E awards conferred, by award level: 2013–2342TAL-22S&E degrees as a percentage of total degrees awarded: 2013 and 202343TAL-23S&E undergraduate degrees awarded, by field: 2013 and 202344TAL-24S&E graduate degrees awarded, by field: 2013 and 202345TAL-25S&E-related awards conferred, by award level: 2013–2347TAL-26Share of bachelor's degrees awarded in S&E fields, by state: 202348TAL-27Share of doctoral degrees a