2025年世界经济自由度报告

2025ANNUAL REPORT Economic Freedomof the World Economic Freedom of the World2025 Annual Report Robert LawsonSouthern MethodistUniversity James Gwartney†Florida StateUniversity Ryan MurphySouthern MethodistUniversity with Matthew D. MitchellFraser Institute Horst FeldmannUniversity of Bath Walker WrightAmerican EnterpriseInstitute Copyright © 2025by the Fraser Institute. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproducedin any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodiedin critical articles and reviews. The authors of this book have worked independently and opinions expressed by them are, therefore,their own and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the supporters, directors, or staff of the FraserInstitute. This publication in no way implies that the Fraser Institute, its directors, or staff are in favorof, or oppose the passage of, any bill; or that they support or oppose any particular political party orcandidate. Published in cooperation with the Economic Freedom Network. Printed and bound in Canada. Data available to researchersThe full data set, including all of the data published in this report as wellas data omitted because of limited space, can be downloaded for free at . The data file available there contains the most up-to-date and accurate datafor theEconomic Freedom of the Worldindex. Some variable names and data sources have evolved overthe years since the first publication in 1996; users should consult earlier editions ofEconomic Freedomof the Worldfor details about sources and descriptions for those years. All editions of the report areavailable in PDF and can be downloaded for free from . However, users are always strongly encouraged to use the data from this most recentdata file as updates and corrections, even to earlier years’ data, do occur. Users doing long-term or lon-gitudinal studies are encouraged to use the EFW Panel Dataset as it is the most consistent through time. Technical helpIf you have difficulty downloading the data, please contact Matthew Mitchell via e-mailto . If you have technical questions about the data itself, please con-tact Ryan Murphy or Robert Lawson . Citing the dataPlease cite the data in your bibliography as: James Gwartney, Robert Lawson, and RyanMurphy (2025). Economic Freedom Dataset, published inEconomic Freedom of the World: 2025 AnnualReport. Fraser Institute. . Citing this publicationJames Gwartney, Robert Lawson, and Ryan Murphy (2025).Economic Freedom ofthe World: 2025 Annual Report. Fraser Institute. Published work using ratings fromEconomic Freedom of the World.A list of published papers that haveused the economic-freedom ratings fromEconomic Freedom of the Worldis available on line at . In most cases, a brief abstract of the article is provided. Ifyou know of other papers current or forthcoming that should be included on this page, or have furtherinformation about any of these papers or authors, please write to . Cataloguing Information Gwartney, James D./Economic freedom of the world … annual report/James D. Gwartney. Annual.Description based on: 1997 2025 issue by James Gwartney, Robert Lawson, and Ryan Murphy; with Matthew D. Mitchell, HorstFeldmann, and Walker Wright. Issued also online as a PDF. ISSN 1482-471X; 978-0-88975-856-8 (2025 edition); 978-0-88975-857-5 (2025 US edition); 978-88975-858-2 (PDF). 1. Economic history--1990- --Periodicals.2. Economic indicators--Periodicals.I. Fraser Institute (Vancouver, B.C.)II. Title Table of Contents Executive Summary1 Chapter 1Economic Freedom of the World in 20233Robert Lawson, Ryan Murphy, and Matthew D. Mitchell Chapter 2US Economic Freedom in a Trade War31Robert Lawson and Matthew D. Mitchell Chapter 3War! What Is It Good For? Not Economic Freedom (or Vice Versa)41Walker Wright Chapter 4The Effects of Economic Freedom on the Quality of Education59Horst Feldmann AppendixExplanatory Notes and Data Sources79 Acknowledgments97 About the Contributors100 The Economic Freedom Network101 Executive Summary The index published inEconomic Freedom of the World(EFW) measures economicfreedom in up to 165 jurisdictions as far back as 1970. Economic freedoms are a sub-set of human freedoms and concern economic activity such as working, transacting,contracting, and owning and using productive property. Individuals are more economically free when they are allowed to make more oftheir own economic choices, with others imposing fewer and less severe constraintson those choices. They must, however, respect the rights of others. The index measures economic freedom using 45 components and subcomponentsgrouped into fi