频谱许可-移动网络的最佳实践

February 2022 The GSMA is a global organisation unifying the mobileecosystem to discover, develop and deliver innovationfoundational to positive business environmentsand societal change. Our vision is to unlock the fullpower of connectivity so that people, industry, andsociety thrive. Representing mobile operators andorganisations across the mobile ecosystem and adjacentindustries, the GSMA delivers for its members acrossthree broad pillars: Connectivity for Good, IndustryServices and Solutions, and Outreach. This activityincludes advancing policy, tackling today’s biggestsocietal challenges, underpinning the technology andinteroperability that make mobile work, and providingthe world’s largest platform to convene the mobileecosystem at the MWC and M360 series of events. For more information, please visit the GSMA corporatewebsite atwww.gsma.com Follow the GSMA on Twitter:@GSMA Contents Executive summary Approaches to assigning spectrumGeneral approaches for assigning spectrumAuction designAdministrative assignmentsLicense renewal Ensuring a predictable, timely and open licensing processSpectrum management framework Spectrum pricing Licence terms and conditionsTechnology and service neutralityLicence obligationsCoverage and service obligationsMinimum 20-year terms for new licences Promoting competition through licensingSpectrum re-assignment in mobile mergers Set-asides for verticals Spectrum sharing, leasing and tradingBenefits of voluntary spectrum sharing, leasing and tradingIssues in the implementation of spectrum trading Executive summary Mobile services are the main means of communications for the majority of theworld’s population, supporting economic growth and connecting communities.Effective spectrum licensing is critical to encourage the investment requiredto expand mobile access, meet the increase in demand for data services andenhance the quality and range of services offered. There is no single best approach to assigning spectrum. Instead,success depends on tailored approaches which consider specificmarket conditions. These should consider policy objectives aswell as market conditions, considering current spectrum use, thecompetitiveness of the market, and the promotion of investmentin mobile networks. At its core, a licensing framework should: •ensure operators have access to sufficient spectrum•provide predictability to support the new network investmentneeded•avoid costly restrictions on the use of spectrum beyond thoseneeded to manage interference This report considers major policy issues arising from spectrummanagement. It also looks at the advantages and disadvantagesof different approaches available to address these issues. The GSMA believes in a number of core principles in spectrumassignment: 6.Spectrum licences should be technology and serviceneutral. Technology neutrality enables spectrum to be used efficientlyby mobile operators rather than being tied to decliningtechnologies and services. It allows consumers to get accessto the most effective, spectrally efficient technologies.Charges for change of use risk delaying benefits. 1.Predictable and timely spectrum licensing encourageslong-term network investment. Mobile networks require predictable access to spectrumin low-, mid- and high-bands Predictability is the resultof national broadband plans and spectrum roadmaps.Broadband plans set out connectivity goals and how toachieve them, while the roadmap should provide a schedulefor forthcoming spectrum releases. 7.Licence conditions should be used with caution. Licence conditions, other than those relating to co-existence,should be kept to a minimum or removed entirely. Otherobjectives, including coverage requirements, can beeffectively addressed through direct policy measures or byimproving the conditions for offering commercial services(such as via tax benefits). Costs related to establishedconditions should be deducted from spectrum fees. 2.Auctions deliver social benefits… but must be properlydesigned. Auctions are a proven means of awarding spectrum to thosewho are most likely to put it to the best use. However, poorauction design can lead to inefficient or failed assignmentsthat undermine competition. Administrative assignment canbe considered in some circumstances. 8.A licence duration of at least 20 years will incentivisenetwork investment. Just like many other measures highlighted here, a 20-year orlonger license period offers the certainty mobile operatorsneed to expand and upgrade networks. The use of indefinitelicence terms can further enhance the willingness to invest. 3.A presumption of licence renewal encourages long-termnetwork investment. Clear and timely renewal decisions are crucial to mobilenetwork development. They give mobile operators thecertainty needed to make large long-term investments inmobile services. A decision not to automatically renew alicence should only be made in exceptional circumstances,where the benefits from reassi