美国政策建议：美国如何释放其投资潜力

AdvancingAmericanTransmission Infrastructure Executivesummary The Global Infrastructure Investor Association (GIIA) urges Congress and the Administration to prioritize themodernization and expansion of U.S. electricity transmission infrastructure. A resilient, interconnected Currentfederal authority, interagency coordination, andtransmission corridorsare not designed to supportthe scale and pace of transmission development requiredfor America’s current and future energy needs.U.S. energydemand isprojectedtoreach a record 4,198 billion kWh in 2025 and overall consumption is By strengthening federal authority, enhancing interagency coordination, and unlocking access to existinginfrastructure corridors such as highway rights of way,theUnited States can accelerate the development of 1.Strengthening federal authority for energy transmission development Problem: The U.S. energy grid is facing growing strain due to transmission congestion and infrastructure shortfalls.While the Department of Energy (DOE) can designate National Interest Electric Transmission Corridors This regulatory inefficiency is delaying the construction of vital transmission lines,particularly high-voltagedirect current (HVDC) systemsthat are needed to connect renewable generation to load centers and Solution: •Federal agencies must be empowered with greater authority toexpedite permitting processes andencourage the use of existing rights of way to build out a HVDC grid. •Providing clear, time-bound permitting pathways will acceleratethe creation of a modernized energygrid that meetsnational energy needs and enhances transmission efficiency. Recommended actions: Congress should: •Authorize the DOE to conduct congestion studies at any time,eliminating the need to wait for state-level reviews or approvals. •Empower the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to assume permitting responsibilities,allowing projects to proceed even if state permits are delayed or rejected. 2.Eliminate internal government roadblocks to long-distance energy transmission inhighwayrights of way Problem: State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) face significant internal roadblocks that hinder thedevelopment of long-distance energy transmission through highway rights of way. The primary issue is the Moreover, although the joint DOE and federal DOT energy office has undertaken this effort in its workprogram, there has been little to no action taken to move it forward. Solution: •Create a Deputies-level executive branch working group, backed by an Executive Order, to facilitateprogress in developing transmission infrastructure using highway rights of way. Recommended actions: •Draft a model for streamlined approval processes between public utility commissions and state •Eliminate previously identified obstacles that have prevented the implementation of energy •Establish pilot projects to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of using highway rights of way forenergy transmission Benefits for the U.S.economy Acceleratingan“all-of-the-above” energy strategy Expanded transmission capacity will enable integration of wind, solar,storage assets at scale, as well astraditional energy sourcessupportingan “all-of-the above” energy strategy andreducing electricity prices. Improvinggridreliability andresilience Modernized transmission networks can reduce blackout risks, balance regional load variability, and providecritical redundancy in the face of natural disasters or cyber threats. Mobilizinglong-termprivatecapitalWith supportive policy and regulatory frameworks, institutional investors are ready to deploy billions in private capital to transmission assets that deliver stable, inflation-linked returns over the long term. About GIIA GIIA represents over 100 of the world’s leading private investors in infrastructure, collectively managingover US$2.04 trillion in infrastructure assets. We advocate for public policies that unlock private capital tohelp meet America's urgent infrastructure needs, from transportation and water systems to broadband andclean energy.The United States faces an infrastructure investment shortfall of overUS$15.2 trillion Congressand FERChavea critical opportunity to accelerate the buildout ofmoderntransmissioninfrastructure by enabling greater participation from private investors. GIIA and its members stand ready to