贸易科技悖论：碎片化中的互联互通

The TradeTech Paradox:Connectivity Amid Fragmentation I N S I G H TR E P O R TJ A N U A R Y2 0 2 6 Contents Foreword3Executive summary4Introduction51The trade stack61.1Global foundational framework71.2National governance layer81.3Trade enabler layer81.4Enterprise layer91.5Interactions between layers92The tradetech stack102.1Single-layer connections: innovations within layers112.3Multi-layer connections – bridging layers173Beyond the tech223.1Inter-governmental collaboration233.2Connector countries253.3Cross-layer partnerships263.4Data infrastructure273.5Human capacity283.6Ethics294Strategic foresight stress test: exploring the resilience30of trade technologies in a changing worldConclusion34Contributors35Endnotes37 Disclaimer This document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated andendorsed by the World Economic Forumbut whose results do not necessarilyrepresent the views of the World EconomicForum, nor the entirety of its Members,Partners or other stakeholders.©2026 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopyingand recording, or by any informationstorage and retrieval system. Foreword Ahmed Jasim Al ZaabiChairman, Abu Dhabi Departmentof Economic Development Thani bin Ahmed Al ZeyoudiMinister of Foreign Trade,Ministry of Foreign Trade of theUnited Arab Emirates Børge BrendePresident and Chief ExecutiveOfficer, World Economic Forum The world is entering a period of profoundtransformation in global trade. Shifting geopoliticalalignments and evolving supply patterns arereshaping global flows, redefining how economiesconnect and compete and redrawing the map ofinternational commerce. Trade technology hasemerged as a source of stability and progress,reinforcing trust and continuity, helping global supplychains remain connected amid rapid change. integrates every layer, ensuring that commerceremains efficient, predictable and inclusive, evenin challenging times. The report underscores that technology’s potentialis best realized when it is guided by collaboration.Tradetech both requires collaboration betweengovernments, industry and technology partners,and enables it – turning complexity into opportunity. Through the TradeTech Global Initiative, the UnitedArab Emirates Ministry of Foreign Trade, the AbuDhabi Department of Economic Development andthe World Economic Forum continue to advancethis vision, positioning technology as a strategicbridge between economies and a catalyst forshared prosperity. This year’s report showcases catalytic effortsdesigned to responsibly scale innovations, includingthe TradeTech Regulatory Sandbox, helpingtechnology solutions increase trust and efficiencyin global trade. At the core of this year’s work lies a new conceptuallens: the tradetech stack. This reveals howtrade is linked across global institutions, nationalregulators, enablers and enterprises through asingle, integrated digital continuum. Within thisstructure, technology is not a separate component,it functions as the connective infrastructure that We invite all stakeholders to join us in shapinga future where trade is not divided by disruptionbut strengthened by collaboration, and wheretechnology serves as the enduring backboneof a more resilient global economy. Executive summary In an era of geopolitical fracture, the futureof trade depends on how technologyconnects, protects and endures. Although geopolitics has always influenced globaltrade, the scale and speed of today’s shifts signifya more profound transformation. Specifically,the global order underpinning trade, notably therules, alliances and systems that have governedexchange for decades, is being actively rewritten.Yet one truth remains constant: the global economythrives the most when some level of stability anddirection is present. As the world fragments andrebuilds, the critical question becomes: how cantrade remain stable, connected and resilient? However, technology alone cannot safeguard thesystem it powers. As digital infrastructure becomesa bargaining chip in geopolitical competition, relyingon technology as the sole solution risks deepeningvulnerability. Thus, resilient trade requires morethan innovation; it requires strong governance,collaboration and human capability. This report introduces a new way to visualize thisrelationship: the tradetech stack. The tradetechstack illustrates how institutions, technology andthe people who drive them interact as a livingframework, one that is constantly evolving to remaineffective. However, unlike the role of governments,international organizations or enterprises, in thetradetech stack, technology is not a fixed layer; it isa dynamic tool that connects every single individualand institution. It is the connecting fabric of