2025年世界疟疾报告

Addressing the threat of antimalarialdrugresistance World malariareport 2025 Addressing the threat of antimalarialdrugresistance World malaria report 2025: Addressing the threat of antimalarial drug resistance ISBN 978-92-4-011782-2 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-011783-9 (print version) © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercialpurposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there shouldbe no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHOlogo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalentCreative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimeralong with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO).WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall bethe binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with themediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.World malaria report 2025: addressing the threat of antimalarial drug resistance.Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. Licence:CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such astables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuseand to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of anythird-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publicationdo not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal statusof any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers orboundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may notyet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they areendorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication.However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed orimplied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no eventshall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Design and layout: Claude CardotCover design: Lushomo Map production: WHO Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases and WHO GIS Centre for Health, DNA/DDI Contents ForewordviAcknowledgementsixAbbreviations and acronymsxiv1.Introduction11.1 WHO/MNT priority initiatives21.2 New and updated guidance22.Global trends in the burden of malaria and progress towards GTS milestones62.1 Global estimates of malaria cases and deaths, 2000–202482.2 Global progress towards GTS milestones122.3 Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO African Region, 2000–2024182.4Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO Region of the Americas, 2000–2024222.5 Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2000–2024262.6 Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO European Region, 2000–2024292.7 Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO South-East Asia Region, 2000–2024302.8 Estimated malaria cases and deaths in the WHO Western Pacific Region, 2000–2024342.9 Malaria burden in HBHI countries382.10 Cases and deaths averted since 2000, globally and by WHO region402.11 Country-reported malaria cases disaggregated by sex413.Elimination and prevention of re-establishment463.1 Progress to elimination463.2 Malaria elimination and certification483.3P. knowlesidisease burden and transmission523.4 Preventing re-establishment and maintaining malaria free status524.Investments in malaria programmes and research584.1 Funding trends for malaria control and eliminati