执行摘要：《2025年世界疟疾报告》

Executive summary Malaria situationworldwide This year’s report highlights several notable successes and encouraging trends –evenamid serious challenges. Since 2000, 2.3billion malaria cases and 14million malariadeaths have been averted worldwide. There has been continued movement towardsglobal elimination goals, with 47countries and one territory now officially certified asmalaria free by the World Health Organization (WHO). In 2024, progress in low-burdensettings was sustained, with 37 countries reporting fewer than 1000cases. Core Despite these gains, malaria remains a serious global health challenge, with anestimated 282million cases and 610000deaths worldwide in 2024 – a slight increasecompared with 2023. The WHO African Region continues to account for most casesand deaths, with 11countries accounting for about two thirds of the global malaria Malaria responses worldwide are preventing illness and saving lives Despite challenges, malaria prevention and responsecontinue to have a measurable impact. Since 2000, malariacontrol efforts have helped avert 2.3billion cases and14million deaths worldwide. Alongside core malaria development improvements – such as urbanization,improved housing, nutrition, education and access toprimary care – have reduced exposure to malaria vectors Many countries report progress towards elimination Between 2000 and 2024, the number of countries reportingfewer than 1000 malaria cases per year increased from 13 to 37, while countries reporting fewer than 10 cases increasedfrom four to 24. In the face of antimalarial drug resistance, elimination is now within reachin three countries in the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS) Between 2015 and 2024, indigenousPlasmodium falciparumcases fell by nearly 90% in the GMS, with Cambodia, the LaoPeople’s Democratic Republic and Viet Nam nearing targeted use of effective treatments, robust surveillance andsustained community engagement, proving that malariaelimination is achievable even in areas long affected by To date, WHO has certified 47 countries and one territory as malaria free nationwide for at least 3 consecutive years. Recentlycertified countries include Egypt, Georgia, Suriname and Malaria free certification is granted when a country canprove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the chain of Malaria remains a serious global health challenge, particularly in the WHOAfrican Region ■In 2024, there were an estimated 282million new malariacases in 80 malaria endemic countries worldwide,up from 273 million in 2023 and 230 million in 2015.Increases in cases were largely driven by trends ina few countries, including Ethiopia (+2.9 million),Madagascar (+1.9 million) and Yemen (+378 000). Malaria 13.8 deaths per 100 000 population at risk. The increasein the number of deaths, despite the declining mortalityrate, reflects the effects of population growth, while ■The WHO African Region remained hardest hit bymalaria in 2024, accounting for 94% of cases and 95%of deaths globally, with 75% of deaths in the regionoccurring in children aged under 5 years. Five countries– the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, ■The global tally of malaria deaths reached 610 000 in2024, compared with 578 000 in 2015. Since 2015, the Despite gains in Africa’s malaria response, progress must be accelerated ■About two thirds of global malaria cases and deathsare concentrated in 11 African countries: Burkina Faso,Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo,Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, the Niger, Nigeria, the ■Between 2015 and 2024, the WHO African Regionachieved a 2% reduction in case incidence and a 20%decline in mortality rate. However, rates in 2024 for both Sudan, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania.1Case incidence (cases per 1000 population at risk) and Progress towards key targets of the WHO GTS remains substantially off track ■The GTS calls for reductions in malaria case incidenceand mortality rate of at least 75% by 2025 and 90% by2030, compared with 2015 baseline levels. The 2024malaria incidence of 64 cases per 1000 population at risk ■In 2024, there were 13.8 malaria deaths per 100 000population at risk, more than three times the GTS target Key threats to progress The year 2024 was marked by significant biological, systemic and financial challenges.Antimalarial drug resistance andP.falciparumhistidine-rich protein 2 and 3 (pfhrp2/3)gene deletions continued to compromise the effectiveness of case management, while widespread insecticide resistance reduced the impact of vector control tools.Anopheles stephensifurther expanded its range and is now reported in nine African In 2024, available malaria funding fell far short of the GTS target ofUS$ 9.3 billion by 2025 ■Between 2010 and 2024, about 67% of malaria fundingcame from international sources, while endemiccountries supplied 33%. In 2024, about 56% of malaria ■Globally in 2024, total investments in malaria controlreached an estimated US$ 3.9 billion. Based on the 2025GT