指导生物多样性信贷市场的高级原则

W H I T EP A P E R Images:Getty Images Contents ForewordExecutive summaryIntroduction 1 High-level principles to guide the biodiversity credit market Disclaimer This document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated and ©2025 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopying Foreword Akanksha KhatriHead, Nature and Biodiversity,World Economic Forum Amelia FawcettCo-Chair, International AdvisoryPanel on Biodiversity Credits Sylvie GoulardCo-Chair, International AdvisoryPanel on Biodiversity Credits Biodiversity is in crisis. More than a millionplant and animal species are under the threatof extinction, and the rate of biodiversity lossglobally is estimated to be 100 to 1,000 timeshigher than the background extinction rate.1Thisglobal biodiversity crisis is significant, not onlyfor the survival of countless species but also forhuman well-being. Biodiversity is essential for ourexistence on this planet. We rely on it for things biodiversity credit projects can also bring social andeconomic benefits, contribute to climate mitigationand adaptation, help strengthen human health and Nature-based credits have drawn scrutiny in recentyears, especially around verification of the benefitsthey claim to bring and their impacts on IndigenousPeoples and local communities. However, giventhe scale and urgency of the twin climate changeand biodiversity crises, all possible tools need tobe used and steps taken to ensure that they are Slowing down, halting and reversing this crisiswill require the mobilization of vast amounts offinance. The biodiversity finance gap is estimatedat $700 billion a year. Both the public and privatesectors have important roles in addressing thisgap and ensuring the restoration and conservationof biodiversity. Governments and the publicsector have a particularly important part to play inpreserving and funding biodiversity conservation byreducing harmful subsidies and tackling pollution At the same time, despite their outsized role innature protection and conservation, IndigenousPeoples and local communities have historicallybeen left out of public and private financeearmarked for biodiversity conservation. Any marketfor nature-based credits must involve IndigenousPeoples and local communities in the design andoversight of these markets. This must includerespecting and prioritizing the rights of Indigenous The positive impact of biodiversity credits goesbeyond biodiversity and contributes to theachievement of the United Nations Sustainable By outlining a common understanding of goodpractice, the high-level principles can help ensurebiodiversity credits drive positive benefits to Executive summary Clear socioeconomic and governanceprinciples are necessary to ensure the High-integrity biodiversity credits can help allocatefunding to vital ecosystems, reducing nature-relatedrisks and providing benefits for the IndigenousPeoples and local communities that steward theseecosystems. To ensure markets deliver thesebenefits, it is essential to maintain high standards guidelines for the entire biodiversity credit market,helping biodiversity credit schemes to set high-integrity standards, to guide project developers to The principles have been categorized into three 1.Verified positive outcomes for nature,to ensure scientific robustness of the Widespread confidence in the mechanics of themarket will be required for large-scale adoption andlong-term sustainability. These elements will beachieved only if the actors involved can demonstratethat biodiversity credits are effective and aligned withsocietal goals for nature and people. In addition, this 2.Equity and fairness for people, to ensurerespect for the rights and the active inclusion 3.Good governance for high-integrity markets,to ensure the functioning of the market Finally, these principles were identified anddesigned in collaboration with a broad range ofstakeholders including civil society, IndigenousPeoples and local communities, the private sector,academia and standard setters. The principles will This white paper, which presents a set of principlesto demonstrate the integrity of these credits, is theresult of a shared working group from the WorldEconomic Forum, the Biodiversity Credit Alliance Introduction An established framework to definehigh integrity in biodiversity credits canensure they generate benefits for both Biodiversity credits have the potential to be avaluable mechanism for financing biodiversityconservation and restoration. A sustainablemarket requires large-scale adoption, which inturn will require widespread confidence thatbiodiversity credits are effective and aligned with nascent market for voluntary biodiversity credits,focusing on