语用变量和语用口语测试项目特征的作用

Date:5 December2025Authorname andORCID number:Soo Jung Youn(0000-0001-6918-9399)Grant reference:AR-G-2019 Contents Abstract................................................................................................................................4Author...................................................................................................................................5Introduction..........................................................................................................................6Review of Literature..............................................................................................................82.1 Theoretical frameworks and L2 pragmatic targets...................................................82.2 Approaches to developing pragmatic tests............................................................10Methods..............................................................................................................................153.1 Participants...............................................................................................................153.1.1Examinees.............................................................................................................153.1.2 Raters...................................................................................................................153.2 Test instruments.......................................................................................................153.2.1 Aptis speaking test...............................................................................................153.2.2 Pragmatic speaking test......................................................................................163.2.3 Rating criteria for the pragmatic speaking test....................................................183.3 Pragmatic variables and coding.............................................................................193.4 Procedure.................................................................................................................233.4.1 Test administration...............................................................................................233.4.2 Rater training and scoring...................................................................................233.5 Data analysis...........................................................................................................23Results................................................................................................................................254.1 Multifaceted Rasch measurement............................................................................254.1.1 Examinees.............................................................................................................274.1.2 Raters...................................................................................................................274.1.3 Items....................................................................................................................284.1.4 Rating criteria.......................................................................................................294.2 Correlations between pragmatic variables and item characteristics....................294.3 Examinees’ pragmatic production...........................................................................304.3.1 Section 1..............................................................................................................314.3.2 Section 2.............................................................................................................32 4.3.3 Section 3.............................................................................................................354.3.4 Section 4.............................................................................................................36Discussion...........................................................................................................................38Conclusion and implications...............................................................................................42References..........................................................................................................................44Appendix A: Pragmatic speaking test items.........................................................................48Appendix B Rating criteria for pragmatic speaking test.......................................................61 List of tables Table 1:Retired Aptis speaking test tasks....................................................................................16Table 2:Overview of pragmatic speaking test............................................................................17Table 3:Pragmatic variables and definitions..............................................................................20Table 4:Example pragmatic test items and coded pragmatic var