中国将国产人工智能芯片首次纳入政府采购目录

first time 中国将国产⼈⼯智能芯⽚⾸次纳⼊政府采购⽬录 Beijing encouraged purchase of Huawei and Cambricon processors beforeTrump’s move to allow Nvidia exports 在特朗普允许英伟达出⼝之前，北京⿎励采购华为和寒武纪的处理器 Zijing Wuin Hong KongPublished已发布9 MINUTES AGO China has put domestic artificial intelligence chips on an official procurement list for the first time,bolstering the nation’s tech sector ahead of US President Donald Trump’s move to allow Nvidiaexports to the country. 中国⾸次将国产⼈⼯智能芯⽚列⼊官⽅采购清单，此举在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普放宽对该国的英伟达出⼝之前，增强了国内科技部⻔的地位。 The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology recently added AI processors from Chinesegroups including Huawei and Cambricon to its government-approved list of suppliers, according totwo people familiar with the matter.微信公众号 404K微信公众号 404K 据两位知情⼈⼠透露，⼯业和信息化部最近将包括华为和寒武纪在内的中国企业的⼈⼯智能处理器，加⼊了其政府认可的供应商清单。 The step was designed to enhance the use of domesticsemiconductorsin China’s public sector andcould be worth billions of dollars in new sales to local chipmakers. 此举旨在提升中国公共部⻔对国产半导体的使⽤，可能为本地芯⽚制造商带来数⼗亿美元的新销售额。 That move came before Trump announced on Monday he waslifting US export controlsandallowing Nvidia to ship its advanced H200 chips to “approved customers in China”. However,those sales could still be hampered by opposition from some Washington lawmakers and Chineseauthorities. 此举发⽣在特朗普周⼀宣布放宽美国出⼝管制、允许英伟达向“经批准的中国客户”出⼝其先进的H200芯⽚之前。不过，这些销售仍可能受到⼀些华盛顿议员和中国当局反对的阻碍。 China’s new procurement list has not yet been made public, but several government agencies andstate-owned companies have already received the guidance document, said those familiar with thematter. While they have previously been urged to support local chipmakers, it is the first timepublic sector groups have received written instructions.微信公众号 404K微信公众号 404K 熟悉此事的⼈⼠称，中国新的采购⽬录尚未公开，但若⼲政府机构和国有企业已经收到了该指导⽂件。尽管此前曾被敦促⽀持本⼟芯⽚⼚商，但这是公共部⻔组织⾸次收到书⾯指示。 The move is a sign of Beijing’s determination towean the countryfrom relying on Americantechnology and bolster its homegrown semiconductor industry in the AI race against the US. 此举表明北京决⼼使国家摆脱对美国技术的依赖，并在与美国的⼈⼯智能竞赛中强化本⼟半导体产业。 The Information Technology Innovation List — known as Xinchuang in Chinese — servesasguidelinesfor government agencies, public institutions and state-owned companies that spendbillions every year procuring IT products. 信息技术创新产品应⽤⽬录——中⽂称为“新创”——为每年在IT产品采购上投⼊数⼗亿的政府机构、公共机构和国有企业提供指南。 The list forms part of Beijing’s strategy to reduce China’s reliance on foreign products followingWashington’s export controls. 该名单是北京在华盛顿实施出⼝管制后，为减少中国对外国产品依赖⽽采取策略的⼀部分。 Domestic microprocessors to replace those made by AMD and Intel, as well as operating systems tosubstitute Microsoft’s Windows, have been added to the list in the past few years.微信公众号 404K微信公众号 404K 近年来，国内微处理器已被纳⼊名单，旨在替代AMD和Intel制造的处理器，操作系统也被加⼊以取代微软的Windows。 This has led to the gradual phasing out of foreign technology products in China’s public institutionssuch as government offices, schools and hospitals, as well as state-owned companies. 这导致外国技术产品逐步在中国的公共机构（如政府办公室、学校和医院）以及国有企业中被淘汰。 The move also shows confidence that domestic AI chips have reached a performance level toreplace their US counterparts, following a concerted push by Beijing to focus resources on thesector over the past few years. 此举也表明，经过过去⼏年北京集中资源推动该领域的发展，国产⼈⼯智能芯⽚已达到可以替代其美国同类产品的性能⽔平。 China recently increased subsidies that cut energy bills by up to half for some of the country’slargest data centres, in a bid to help tech giants such as Alibaba and Tencent with the higherelectricity costs of using less efficient domestic semiconductors. 为帮助阿⾥巴巴和腾讯等科技巨头应对使⽤效率较低的国产半导体带来的更⾼电费，中国近期提⾼了补贴⼒度，使得⼀些⼤型数据中⼼的电费最多降低了⼀半。 The push to replace Nvidia’s technology with domestic counterparts has faced some resistancefrom companies. ⽤国产产品取代英伟达技术的推动在企业中遇到了⼀些阻⼒。微信公众号 404K An executive from a state-owned financial institute said that while they have allocated Rmb100mn($14mn) to buy domestic AI chips from the list this year, most of these purchased Chineseprocessors the group has acquired are now sitting idle. ⼀位来⾃国有⾦融机构的⾼管表示，尽管他们今年已拨出1亿元⼈⺠币（1400万美元）从采购名单中购买国产⼈⼯智能芯⽚，但集团购买的⼤多数这些中国处理器现在都处于闲置状态。 His firm’s quantitative trading models were built based on Nvidia’s hardware, and a switch toHuawei’s processors will result in a significant amount of adaptation work, including rewritingcode in a language they are not familiar with. 他公司的量化交易模型是基于英伟达的硬件构建的，转⽤华为的处理器将带来⼤量的适配⼯作，包括⽤他们不熟悉的语⾔重写代码。 Such reluctance to shift to a new architecture is common in a transition phase, according to oneChinese policymaker, who added that the country needed to gain greater technologicalindependence. “The growing pains are unavoidable,” they said. “But we have to get there.” ⼀位中国政策制定者表示，在过渡阶段对转向新架构的迟疑很常⻅，他补充说国家需要获得更⼤的技术独⽴性。“成⻓的阵痛是不可避免的，”他说。“但我们必须达到那个⽬标。” The MIIT did not respond to requests for comment. ⼯信部未对置评请求作出回应。 Additional reporting from Cheng Leng and Ryan McMorrow in Beijing微信公众号 404K 来⾃北京的程澜和瑞安·⻨克莫罗的补充报道