碳排放双控政策基础问答

关于 2035 气候行动山西实验室 “2035 气候行动山西实验室”是在 2024 年“绿色低碳转型山西合作平台”的工作基础上成立，由绿色创新发展研究院与山西科城能源环境创新研究院联合发起，是“ACTION 2035 平台”下的地方合作平台之一。作为绿色低碳转型山西合作平台的秘书处，实验室主要负责支持平台的日常运作及关键议题的研究工作。 关于 2035 地方气候行动平台 “2035 地方气候行动平台”（简称“ACTION 2035 平台”）旨在聚焦重点绿色低碳行动在重点地区落实，项目将联合具备行业洞见与气候行动实施能力的区域合作伙伴和技术合作伙伴，利用科学的分析工具，识别分地区分行业重点行动推广的机遇与挑战，研究精细化的行动方案与实施模式，为重点地区提供响应快速和全方位的技术支撑。ACTION 2035 平台通过战略合作、信息共享、培训探讨、试点推广，贡献地方“双碳”战略实施；并在此基础上进行整合性研究，提高气候行动雄心。 致谢 衷心感谢清华大学低碳能源实验室清华 - 力拓中心杨珊珊执行主任、中国科学院广州能源研究所能源战略与碳资产研究中心王文军研究员，iGDP 同事胡敏、杨鹂对本报告提供的重要建议与反馈。感谢 iGDP 同事包林洁提供的设计排版。由于时间和资源的限制，目前报告未能充分采纳各位专家的每一项宝贵意见，我们将在后续的研究工作中不断修正和完善不足之处。 编者 绿色创新发展研究院（iGDP）：刘雪野山西科城能源环境创新研究院：秦艳 免责声明 本报告内容和观点仅代表作者的个人理解和观点，旨在加强相关领域的讨论交流，不代表支持方、作者所属机构、调研专家学者的立场和观点。本报告内容采用数据和信息均来自公开的信息和渠道，我们力求准确和完整，但难免偶有疏漏，敬请谅解并指正。 引用建议 绿色创新发展研究院 , 山西科城能源环境创新研究院 .(2025).碳排放双控政策基础问答. 北京：绿色创新发展研究院 . 目 录 摘 要·····························································1 第一章碳排放双控基础概念··········································2 什么是碳排放双控？··································································3碳排放双控与碳达峰碳中和目标有怎样的关系？··········································3为什么从能源双控制度转到碳排放双控？················································4碳排放双控机制相关政策有哪些？······················································4碳排放双控机制包括哪些重点任务？····················································5碳排放双控机制分阶段工作重点是什么？················································5碳排放双控机制工作流程有哪些？······················································6碳排放双控机制政策保障措施有哪些？··················································6各行业针对碳排放双控有哪些细化政策？················································7各省市已经发布的碳排放双控政策有哪些？··············································7各省碳排放双控实践有哪些进展？······················································8 第二章碳排放核算统计··············································9 碳排放双控机制下地区碳排放核算报告体系如何建立？···································10碳排放双控机制下行业碳排放主要覆盖哪些重点领域、行业？核算口径是什么？·············10碳排放双控机制下企业碳排放核算主要标准和技术指南有哪些？···························11碳排放双控机制下固定资产投资项目碳排放如何核算？···································12碳排放双控机制下温室气体自愿减排项目如何认定？·····································12碳排放双控机制下碳排放核算工作如何创新？···········································13碳排放双控机制下碳排放数据如何管理？···············································14 第三章地区碳预算管理体系·········································15 碳排放预算管理制度是什么？·························································16碳排放预算管理制度分阶段工作重点是什么？···········································16 第四章地方碳考核·················································17 碳达峰碳中和综合评价考核制度牵头单位是谁？·········································18地方碳达峰碳中和综合评价考核制度要考核谁？·········································18地方碳达峰碳中和综合评价考核方式是什么？···········································18地方碳达峰碳中和综合评价考核内容是什么？···········································19地方碳达峰碳中和综合评价考核如何纳入绿证？·········································19 第五章行业碳预警管控与碳监测·····································20 如何完善行业领域碳排放预警管控机制？···············································21如何完善行业领域碳排放监测机制？···················································21 第六章企业碳管理·················································22 企业碳排放核算报告与核查如何开展？·················································23企业用能预算与地区碳预算管理如何衔接？·············································23企业碳排放管理如何开展？···························································24 第七章项目碳评价·················································25 如何推进项目碳评价工作？···························································26固定资产投资项目碳排放核算指南编制进展如何？·······································26固定资产投资项目碳排放评价方法是什么？·············································27重点行业固定资产投资项目碳排放准入水平是怎么样的？·································27 第八章产品碳足迹·················································28 碳排放双控机制下产品碳足迹通则是什么？·············································29碳排放双控机制下产品碳足迹核算标准如何管理？·······································29碳排放双控机制下碳足迹通用核算方法是什么？·········································30碳排放双控机制下产品碳足迹优先聚焦哪些产品？·······································30碳排放双控机制下国家温室气体排放因子数据库如何建设？·······························31碳排放双控机制下重点企业温室气体监测如何开展？·····································31碳排放双控机制下产品碳足迹如何认证？···············································32 第九章碳排放双控的目标设定与分解·································33 碳排放双控目标如何分解到地方和企业？···············································34如何监测和评估碳排放双控目标的完成进度？···········································35 第十章碳排放双控的市场机制·······································36 碳排放权交易市场在碳排放双控中发挥什么作用？·······································37绿电绿证如何与能耗双控相衔接？·····················································37绿电绿证如何与碳排放双控政策相衔接？···············································38CCER 如何支持碳排放双控政策？······················································39Q&A 附录······························································40 表 1 碳排放双控相关政策·····························································40表 2 各省碳排放双控政策汇总·························································42表 3 国家省市区县的碳排放数据统计核算体系要求·······································43 引用······························································44 摘 要 中国碳排放总量与强度双控政策是实现“双碳”目标的核心政策工具。《iGDP 碳排放双控政策基础问答