人工智能辅助手术：关键企业与技术指南

ByAdrienLaurent,CEOatIntuitionLabs•10/14/2025•35minread ExecutiveSummary Artificialintelligence(AI)israpidlytransformingsurgerybyaugmentingroboticsystems,imageanalysis,and decisionsupport.Leadersinthefieldincludeestablishedmedicalroboticsfirms(e.g.IntuitiveSurgical,Medtronic,Stryker,Johnson&Johnson)andemergingstartups(e.g.CMR Surgical,Distalmotion,Caresyntax, ActivSurgical).TheglobalmarketforAI-assistedsurgicalsystemsisexpandingquickly;oneestimatevaluesthe roboticsurgerymarketat~$12billionin2024andprojects>$50billionby2034(15–17%CAGR)(www.globenewswire.com)([2]isrg.intuitive.com).IntuitiveSurgicalʼsdaVincisystemdominates(>10,000installed unitsand~80–90%soft-tissueroboticsmarketshare),butnewplatforms(CMRʼsVersius,MedtronicʼsHugo,J&JʼsMonarch,etc.)arechallengingthisleadership([2]isrg.intuitive.com)([3]www.therobotreport.com).AI technologies–suchasmachinelearningforintraoperativevideoanalytics,“digitaltwins”forsurgicalplanning, augmentedreality(AR)overlays,andAI-drivendataplatforms–arebeingincorporatedintothesesystemsto However,highcosts,datalimitations,andregulatory/ethicalissuesremainchallenges.Systemsmustdemonstrateclearbenefitsoverstandardcare,andquestionsofaccountability,interoperability,andequitable accessloomlarge([9]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)([10]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).Nonetheless,innovationscontinueapace:IntuitiveʼsnewdaVinci5includespowerfulcompute(10,000×morethanpriorgenerations)forfutureAI Versiusenhancements([13]www.therobotreport.com);andsoftwareplatformslikeCaresyntaxandActivSurgicalhaveattractedhundredsofmillionsinfunding(sifted.eu)([14]www.activsurgical.com).Asaresult,surgeonsarebeginningtoleverageAI“co-pilots”fortasksfromtissuesegmentationtoautomatedsuturing,promisinga Thisreportprovidesanin-depthanalysisofAI-assistedsurgery.WereviewthehistoricalcontextofsurgicalroboticsandAI,profilethekeycompaniesandproducts,examinemarkettrendsanddata,andpresentillustrativecasestudiesofthesetechnologiesinpractice.Wealsodiscusstechnological,clinical,andethical IntroductionandBackground TheintegrationofAIintosurgicalpracticebuildsondecadesofdevelopmentsinroboticsanddigitalimaging.Thenotionofcomputer-assistedsurgerydatestothe1970sand1980s(e.g.earlyrobotslikethePUMA560for neurosurgeryandPROBOTforprostatectomy)([15]www.intuitive.com).However,widespreadadoptionbeganonlyinthe2000swithIntuitiveSurgicalʼsdaVinci®system(firstFDA-clearedin2000),whichcombinedtele- operatedroboticarmswithenhanced3Dvision.Overthepast20years,thedaVinciplatformhasbecomethestandardofcareforproceduressuchasprostatectomyintheU.S.( Inparallel,AI(andsubfieldslikemachinelearningandcomputervision)wasmakingheadwayindiagnosticfields(radiology,pathology)butonlyslowlyenteredtheOR.ThepastfewyearshaveseenasurgeinsurgicalAI R&D AI-assistedsurgeryencompassestwobroadcategories:AI-augmentedreality/analyticsandroboticautomation/assistance.Intheformer,AIprocessessurgicalimagesorORdatatoprovideoverlays,alerts,or Clinicalmotivation:ThisunionofAIandroboticsaimstoimproveoutcomesandaccessinthefaceofhealthcarechallenges.Roboticsystemscanreducehumanvariabilityandfatigue,enhancingprecision(e.g. robot-guidedneedleinsertion,digitalhapticfeedback).AIcanofferreal-timeguidance–forinstance, segmentingbloodvesselsortumorsinthesurgicalview,orwarningofpotentialcomplicationsbasedonpatient ~10–20%lowertotalcarecosts)([4]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)([5]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).Forexample,Table3inarecentsystematicreviewshowsXiaoetal.achievingcomplicationratesnearhalfwithAIassistance(6.1%vs Challengesandissues:Despitepromise,mainstreamadoptionremainslimited.Keybarriersincludedata scarcity(lackoflarge,diverseannotatedsurgicalvideodatasets)andintegrationhurdles([9]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov).MostAImodelsrequireextensivetrainingdata,yetsurgicaldatahasprivacy/regulatoryconstraintsandoftenlacksstandardformatsbetweeninstitutions.Therearealsoethical/legalconcerns:e.g.whoisliableifAIguidancecontributestoanerror([9]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)([18]pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)?TransparencyandpatientconsentforAIuseareactiveissues.Economically,thehighupfrontcostsofroboticplatformsanddisposablescanslowhospitaluptake,especiallyinless-fundedsettings([19] Reportscope:ThisreportdelvesintohowAIisbeingwovenintosurgicalpracticeandtheprincipalcompaniesdrivingthoseadvances.WecoverleadingroboticplatformsandtheirAIfeatures,stand-aloneAIsoftwareandanalyticssolutionsfortheOR,anddiscussevidenceofclinicalimpactandreal-worlddeployment.Wecompare MajorPlayersandTechnologiesinAI-Assisted RoboticSurgicalPlatforms SeveralcompaniesofferroboticsystemsdesignedfororincorporatingAI.Thesetendtohavemechanicalarms,surgicalinstruments,andcontrolconsoles,withAIaspectsrangingfromimprovedvisiontodecisionsupport. IntuitiveSurgical(U.S.):PioneerofthedaVinci®platform(launched2000),Intuitivehasa>10,000systeminstalledbaseglobally([2]isrg.intuitive.com).Itslatestgeneration,daVinci5,introducedin2023–24,featuresdramaticallyincreasedcomputingpower(∼10,000×moreon-boardaccelerationthanpriormodels)([11]www.howtostartupinmedtech.com)([12]www.int