美国无人机市场

Executive Summary The importance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones, isgrowingrapidly innational defense and security efforts. While the United States has historically led inmilitary drone development, the global commercial market is now dominated bylower-cost, dual-use platforms, many produced by Chinese companies. In responsetoconcerns over supply chain dependencies and Chinese export controls, the U.S.government is prioritizing the growth of a self-sufficient domestic drone industry,exemplified by theTrump administration’sexecutiveorder“Unleashing AmericanDrone Dominance”and the Department of Defense’s Replicator initiative. This report assesses the current state of the U.S. drone industry, focusing on the typesof platforms marketed in the United States and the financial health of U.S.-headquartered UAV companies. Using data fromthe Association for Uncrewed VehicleSystemsInternational’s(AUVSI)Uncrewed Systems & Robotics Database(USRD)andPitchBook, the analysis finds that most U.S.drone companies focus on small UAVs(Groups 1-3), and only a handful of larger defense firms develop more complexmilitary systems (Groups 4-5). Most U.S. drone companies are privately held, venture-backed companies, many ofwhich were founded after 2010. Investment activity is concentrated in companies thatproduce smaller, commercial drones,whileventure interestis limitedin developers oflarger military systems. However, significant gaps remain in publicly available data,particularly regarding manufacturing capacity and supply chain resilience, both ofwhich are critical factors for determining the broader health of the U.S. UAVecosystem. Thisreport provides a snapshot of the U.S. drone industry,but adeeper analysis ofcomponent supply chains and manufacturing capabilitieswouldallow for a fullerassessment ofthe industry’sability to meet future national security needs. Greaterdata sharing between government and industry will be essentialtoidentify supplychain vulnerabilities and guidefuture policy. Table of Contents Introduction...............................................................................................................................................3Methodology............................................................................................................................................5Platform-Level Analysis...................................................................................................................5U.S. Company-Level Analysis........................................................................................................5U.S.-Marketed UAVs by Market Type and Application..............................................................7U.S.-Headquartered Companies in the U.S. UAV Market.......................................................10Ownership Status of U.S. UAV Companies............................................................................12Investment in U.S. UAV Companies..........................................................................................14Future Work...........................................................................................................................................17Conclusion..............................................................................................................................................19Appendix A: Methodology................................................................................................................20Endnotes.................................................................................................................................................21 Introduction Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)of all sizes are playing an increasingly important rolein defense and national security. While the United States has long been one of theleading developers of military-grade drones, cheaper, multi-use commercial platformsdeveloped in other countries have in recent years become more useful across a rangeof applications.1The mass production and deployment of small UAVs for militaryoperations in the Russia-Ukraine war exemplifies this trend.2 Despite the United States’ historical predominance in military drones, China hasemerged as a leading producer of cheaper multi-use drones. One of the mostprominent companies, Shenzhen-basedDJI, reportedly controls around 90%of theglobal commercial market for small UAVs, and has been accused of flooding themarket with government-subsidized drones to undermine American companies’competitiveness.3 Due to concerns about overreliance on Chinese companies for commercial UAVs andcomponents, as well as recent Chinese export controls on various Chinese-origin droneparts, the U.S. government has signaled its interest in working more closely withdomesticdrone manufacturers.4This is exemplified by the recent executive order“Unleashing American Drone Dominance” and the Department of Defense’s(DOD)Replicator initiative. The White Ho