2025年全球电力年中洞察报告

Solar and wind outpaced demand growth in the first half of2025, as renewables overtook coal’s share in the globalelectricity mix. Published date: 07 October 2025Lead author: Małgorzata Wiatros-MotykaOther authors: Kostantsa Rangelova Contents 2 About Chapter 1:Global electricity trends in the first half of 2025 1.1 Solar and wind met and exceeded demand growth 81.2 Solar generation grew faster than ever, breaking a new record in thefirst half of 2025111.3 Slower wind growth means solar is close to overtaking wind141.4 Renewables overtake coal as fossil fuels fall slightly141.5 Hydro fell slightly161.6 Nuclear rose moderately161.7 Global CO2 emissions plateau17 2.1 China2.2 United States2.3 India2.4 European Union 20232529 About This report analyses changes in global electricity generation from January toJune 2025 compared with the same period last year to measure the progress ofthe global clean energy transition. The report draws on monthly electricity data from 88 countries representing 93%of global electricity demand and includes estimated changes in the remaininggeneration. It also dives deeper into the top four CO2-emitting economies, whichtogether account for 63% of the world’s electricity generation and 64% of globalCO2 emissions from the power sector. Key highlights 83% -0.6% 109% Solar generation growthalone met 83% of the globalrise in demand in the firsthalf of 2025 Solar and wind growthexceeded global demandgrowth in the first half of2025 Coal generation fell by 0.6%in the first half of 2025 Executive summary Solar and wind outpaced demandgrowth as renewables overtookcoal in the first half of 2025 The increase in solar and wind power outpaced global electricity demandgrowth in the first half of 2025. Solar alone met 83% of the rise, with manycountries setting new records. Fossil fuels remained mostly flat, with a slightdecline. Fossil generation fell in China and India, but grew in the EU and the US. As the world’s energy needs increase and electricity makes up a growing shareof final energy consumption, spectacular solar growth, alongside increased windgeneration, met and exceeded all new demand. This led to renewablesovertaking coal’s share in the global mix and prevented further increases in CO2emissions from the power sector. 01Solar and wind outpaced demand growth in the first half of 2025 Global electricity demand grew by 2.6% (+369 TWh) in the first half of 2025. Thisincrease was more than met by increases in solar (+306 TWh, +31%) and wind (+97TWh, +7.7%) generation, with solar alone covering 83% of the rise. Hydro fellsignificantly while bioenergy output dipped slightly, and nuclear rose modestly,while overall fossil generation fell marginally (-0.3%). 02Solar saw record growth Solar grew by a record 306 TWh (31%) in the first half of 2025. This increased solar’sshare in the global electricity mix from 6.9% to 8.8%. China accounted for 55% ofglobal solar generation growth, followed by the US (14%), the EU (12%), India (5.6%)and Brazil (3.2%), while the rest of the world contributed just 9%. Four countriesgenerated over 25% of their electricity from solar, and at least 29 countriessurpassed 10%, up from 22 countries in the same period last year and only 11countries in H1-2021. 03Renewables overtook coal A strong rise in solar, and to a lesser extent wind, led to renewables overtaking coalgeneration for the first time on record in the first half of 2025. Renewables grew by363 TWh (+7.7%) to reach 5,072 TWh, while coal generation fell by 31 TWh to 4,896TWh. As a result, renewables’ share of global electricity rose to 34.3% (from 32.7%),while coal’s share fell to 33.1% (from 34.2%). 04Coal fell in both China and India — temporarily in India, but morestructurally in China Global fossil fuel generation fell slightly in the first half of 2025, down 27 TWh fromthe same period last year. Among major economies, fossil fuel generationdecreased in China and India, where clean generation outpaced demand growth.By contrast, in the US, clean sources did not keep pace with demand rise, so fossilgeneration increased. In the EU, both coal and gas inched up to offset lower wind,hydro and bioenergy output. 05Power sector emissions plateaued Despite global electricity demand rising by 2.6%, emissions fell slightly by 12 MtCO2in the first half of 2025. Declines in China (-46 MtCO2) and India (-24 MtCO2)reflected clean generation growth outpacing demand. By contrast, emissionsincreased in the EU (+13 MtCO2) and the US (+33 MtCO2) compared with the sameperiod last year. We are seeing the first signs of a crucial turning point. Solar and windare now growing fast enough to meet the world’s growing appetite forelectricity. This marks the beginning of a shift where clean power iskeeping pace with demand growth. As costs of technologies continueto fall, now is the perfect moment to embrace the economic, social andhealth benefits that come with increased solar, wind and batteries. M