世界卫生组织全球水、环境卫生和个人卫生：2024年年度报告

WHO Global water,sanitation and hygieneAnnual report 2024 WHO global water, sanitation andhygiene: annual report 2024 ISBN978-92-4-011397-8(electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-011398-5 (print version) © World Health Organization2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike3.0IGO licence (CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes,providedthe work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestionthat WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. Ifyou adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. Ifyou create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation:“This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the contentor accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediationrules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.WHO global water, sanitation and hygiene: annual report 2024. Geneva: World HealthOrganization;2025. Licence:CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. Tosubmit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such astables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and toobtain permission from the copyright holder. Therisk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do notimply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country,territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted anddashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed orrecommended by WHOin preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissionsexcepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHOto verify the information contained in this publication.However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied.The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader.In no event shall WHObeliable for damages arising from its use. Contents Acronyms and abbreviations.................................................................................................iv1 Executive summary.............................................................................................................vBox 1—WHO Director-General's outlines WASH priorities during high level dialogue........................................vBox 2—Summary of the evaluation of the WHO WASHStrategy 2018-2025......................................................viBox 3—Preventing cholera: Investing in WASH to break the cycle of emergencies...........................................viiBox 4—WASH at the World Health Assembly.....................................................................................................vii2 Results area: drinking-water quality and safety...................................................................1Box 5—WHO & RWSN: Strengthening small water supply safety.......................................................................13 Results area: sanitation, wastewater and environmental surveillance.................................2Box 6—Focus with partners on the experiences of sanitation workers..............................................................4Strengthening regulation of drinking water and sanitation..............................................................4Box 7—Strengthening regulatory capacity through regional exchange in Peru..................................................54 Results area: WASH in health care facilities.........................................................................5Bo