全球卫生危机：紧急行动之路（英）2025

Pathways to Urgent Action A Product of The World Bank’sGlobal Department for Water Global Department for Water The World Bank Group’s Global Department for Waterbrings together financing, knowledge, andimplemen-tation in one platform. By combining the Bank’s globalknowledge with country investments, thismodel gener-ates more firepower for transformational solutions tohelp countries grow sustainably. Visit us on the web at www.worldbank.org/waterFollow us on X:@worldbankwater. GWSP This publication received the support of the GlobalWater Security & Sanitation Partnership (GWSP).GWSPis a multidonor trust fund administered by the WorldBank’s Global Department for Water andsupportedby Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs andTrade; Austria’s Federal Ministry of Finance;Denmark’sMinistry of Foreign Affairs; the Netherlands’ Ministry ofForeign Affairs, the Gates Foundation; Spain’s Ministryof Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation; theSwedish International DevelopmentCooperationAgency, Switzerland’s State Secretariat for EconomicAffairs; the Swiss Agency forDevelopment and Coop-eration; and the United Kingdom Foreign, Common-wealth and DevelopmentOffice. Visit us on the web at www.worldbank.org/gwspFollow us on X:@thegwsp. The GlobalSanitation Crisis Pathways to Urgent Action A Product of The World Bank’sGlobal Department for Water ©2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with externalcontributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusionsexpressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of TheWorld Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governmentsthey represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy,completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and doesnot assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepanciesin the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure touse the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth.The boundaries, colors, denominations, links/footnotes and otherinformation shown in this work do not imply any judgment on thepart of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territoryor the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The citationof works authored by others does not mean the World Bank endorsesthe views expressed by those authors or the content of their works. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to bea limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of TheWorld Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. Rights and PermissionsThe material in this work is subject to copyright protection. However, because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge,this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercialpurposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, shouldbe addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group,1818H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; tel: 202-473-1000;fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org. Front cover photo (large): A toilet facility located at a school in ruralIndia (Credit: World Bank). Copyright protected. Design and layout: Kurt Niedermeier (www.kngraphicdesign.com) ES.1Conceptual framework illustration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .XIVES.2Priority action pathways reflecting the relation of GDPwith deficits in safely managed urban sanitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .XVIII1Proportion of the population in seven regions at high risk from climate-related hazards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Climate-resilient sanitation service chain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Non-climate-resilient sanitation service chain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54Combined sewer system under dry and wet conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65Conceptual framework illustrating the links between safely managedclimate-resilient sanitation services and people, prosperity, and the planet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86Climate-driven sanitation impacts on health and human capital across four life stages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 27Links betwee