健康寿命科学或助力全民健康生活

Biomedical interventions that materially affect the aging process and improvehealth outcomes may emerge in the future. Stakeholders can shape their rolesin this potentially transformative field now. Contents Executive summary Chapter 1: Healthspan science is an increasinglyplausible field for investment5 Chapter 2: Seven shifts can helpadvance the field Chapter 3: Broad stakeholder involvement couldaccelerate progress toward enhanced healthspan for all Executive summary “Healthspan” refers to the years of life spent in good or great health andfree from serious diseases or disabilities. An established body of evidenceshows that nutrition, sleep, physical activity, appropriate stress levels, socialconnection, and a conducive environment allow people to live more years in goodhealth and improve their overall longevity. Now, innovators are investigatingcomplementary biomedical tools intended to help people remain healthy forlonger. The McKinsey Health Institute (MHI) has extensively examined thedrivers that increase healthspan, with particular deep dives on the focus areas ofbrain health, metabolic health, and women’s health. This specific report will notlook at behavioral or ecosystem drivers of health and instead focus entirely onbiomedical innovation targeting biological aging processes—which could haveimplications for many angles of human health, including these areas. AuthorsChris AnagnostopoulosHemant AhlawatLars HartensteinRachel Moss Healthspan science,1which focuses on biomedical innovations that target thebiological aging process and contribute to healthy longevity, is a fast-growingfield. The five-year average for investment quadrupled in the past decade, andclinical trial initiation has grown 27 percent over five years, leading to a pipelineof several hundred drug candidates.2The field is expected to continue growing,but there is no consensus on when biomedical innovations that can meaningfullytarget fundamental aging processes are likely to emerge. Improved healthspans could have enormous benefits on society. Age-relateddiseases—including cancers, neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s,and musculoskeletal conditions such as arthritis—account for more than 600million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)3annually, or one-third of the totalglobal burden of disease.4Addressing half of this burden could lead to fewerearly deaths and less time spent in poor health, and it could translate to as muchas about $2 trillion5in annual GDP uplift due to increased employment from an expanded adult workforce. The potential to enable people to live healthier for longer through new toolsis more relevant now as societies look to address shifting demographics, lower birth rates, and smallerdependency ratios, which are putting social security and health systems at risk.6 To accelerate progress in healthspan science and realize the potential benefits these innovations couldhave on society, the field could advance efforts across seven dimensions: 1.Field definition and perception. Stakeholders can align with one another to establish a narrative focusedon healthspan that helps convey measured optimism and is fully backed by science. 2.Fundamental understanding of aging biology. Stakeholders can orchestrate a global research agendathat focuses on areas with the most potential and determines how to accelerate them. This research canbe supported by AI, machine learning (ML), and comprehensive data sets. 3.Biomarker consensus. Stakeholders could build a consensus on which priority biomarkers could serveas surrogate endpoints for clinical trials to benchmark interventions. 4.Translation and clinical development. Healthspan science needs more clinical-development expertise.Embedding AI and cutting-edge R&D approaches, such as AI-driven iterative testing systems,innovative trial design, and “reverse translating” by making biospecimens and data from trials availableto basic scientists can enable discoveries of new clinical targets and the underlying causes of age-related diseases. 5.Regulatory pathways. Healthspan-related therapies need a new or existing chartered approval path toenable populations to access safe and effective innovative solutions. 6.Derisked investment. Research funders, pharmaceutical companies, and blue-chip life science investorscould work alongside venture capitalists and high-net-worth-individuals or philanthropists to provideexpertise, scale, and stability. 7.Evidence-based practice and talent. Stakeholders can help develop practitioner talent globally,including healthspan-oriented clinicians and researchers as well as among academic leaders (forexample, university presidents, deans, health system CEOs), to facilitate clinical development and publicaccess to innovative healthspan interventions. Of course, progress on biomedical tools should not reduce the focus on better addressing and refiningpotential lifestyle drivers of healthspan, such as sleep, exercise, stress, and nu