2024年心理健康地图集

2 0 2 4 MentalHealthAt l a s 2 0 2 4 Mental Health Atlas 2024 ISBN 978-92-4-011448-7 (electronic version)ISBN 978-92-4-011449-4 (print version) © World Health Organization 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes,provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestionthat WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. Ifyou adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence.If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation:“This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the contentor accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediationrules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/). Suggested citation.Mental health atlas 2024. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. Licence:CC BY-NC-SA3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttp://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. Tosubmit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables,figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtainpermission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-ownedcomponent in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do notimply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country,territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted anddashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed orrecommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissionsexcepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication.However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. Theresponsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable fordamages arising from its use. Designed by Kellie Hopley Design Ltd Contents Prefacevi Acknowledgements vii viii Abbreviations Glossary Executive summary1 Introduction8 Results 1. Information on mental health14 1.1 Reporting141.2 Information systems16 2. Governance of mental health systems22 2.1 Policies and plans222.2 Legislations312.3 Stakeholder collaboration36 3.1 Public financing383.2 Workforce43 49 4.1 Service development and integrationn494.2 Outpatient services584.3 Inpatient services634.4 Service coverage70 5.1 Mental health promotion and protection725.2 Suicide prevention74 Annex. Responding countries and contributors78 Preface Mental health is essential to the health and well-being of individuals, communities and societies. Yet, as an areaof public health, it remains under-prioritized, under-funded and under-evaluated, resulting in extreme distress anddisability, service gaps and inequity. The WHO Mental Health Atlas 2024 is a vital tool for assessing and documenting such challenges. Now in itsseventh edition, the Mental Health Atlas offers a comprehensive global overview of mental health system activity andperformance, tracking progress, identifying gaps and guiding action toward the goals of the WHO Comprehensivemental health action plan 2013–2030. This edition, the first since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic,provides insight into how countries have responded to disrupted mental health services and have upheld the humanrights and dignity of individuals with mental health conditions. This edition also brings a focus on areas such aspsychosocial support in emergencies, digital service delivery and the inclusion of people with lived experien