2025年6月多维贫困指标更新：新增内容（英）2025

June 2025Update to theMultidimensional Poverty Measure What’s New Gabriel Lara IbarraMinh Cong NguyenDaylan Salmeron GomezCameron Haddad June 2025 Keywords:Multidimensional Poverty Measure,June 2025. Public Disclosure Authorized Development Data GroupDevelopment Research GroupPoverty and Equity GlobalDepartment GLOBALPOVERTYMONITORINGTECHNICALNOTE46 Abstract Thisnote presents the9theditionof theWorld Bank’s Multidimensional PovertyMeasure (MPM)database,drawing on the latest country data from the GlobalMonitoring Database (GMD)as ofJune 2025.The MPMoffers abroaderviewofpoverty by examining deprivationsalongthree dimensions of well-being: monetarypoverty(measured using the international poverty lineof$3.00per person per day in2021PPP), education, andaccess tobasic infrastructure services.Thislatesteditioncovers120economiesforcirca2021,an increase from the 110 economies of theOctober 2024update. Allauthors are with the World Bank.Corresponding author:Gabriel Lara Ibarra(glaraibarra@worldbank.org). This work could not be completed without the contributions from theData for Goalsteam: Diana Sanchez Castro, Elizabeth Foster,Haoyu Wu,Laura Moreno Herrera,RenoDewina, Sergio Olivieri,JaimeEstuardo Fernandez Romero,VeronicaMontalvaTalledo,Zurab Sajaia,andDaniel Gerszon Mahler. This note has been cleared byGabriela Inchauste. Contents 1.Introduction..............................................................................................................................................21.1.What is the Multidimensional Poverty Measure?............................................................................21.2.Methodology....................................................................................................................................21.3.Data source.......................................................................................................................................31.4.Coverage..........................................................................................................................................32.Revisions in the 9th edition of the MPM: What’s New...........................................................................42.1 Key results.............................................................................................................................................42.2 Comparison with earlier estimates.........................................................................................................63.Modifying weights in the MPM...............................................................................................................84.References................................................................................................................................................9 1.Introduction 1.1.What is the Multidimensional Poverty Measure? The World Bank’s Multidimensional Poverty Measure (MPM) is anindex that reflects the share ofhouseholds in a country experiencing deprivations across three key dimensions of well-being: monetarypoverty, education, and access to essential infrastructure services. By going beyond income-based metrics,the MPM offersa broader and more nuanced understanding of poverty and human welfare. 1.2.Methodology The Multidimensional Poverty Measure (MPM) consists of six binary indicators organized into three equallyweighted dimensions: monetary standard of living, education, and access to basic infrastructure. The sixindicators are consumption-or income-based poverty, school enrollment, educational attainment, and accessto safe drinking water, adequate sanitation, and electricity. Each indicator takes a value of 1 if the householdis deprived and 0 otherwise. These deprivations are then combined into a single index, with each dimensioncarrying the same weight and each indicator within a dimension sharing that dimension’s weight equally. Ahousehold is classified as multidimensionally poor if its weighted sum of deprivations is at least one-third,meaning it must be deprived in one entire dimension or in a set of indicators across dimensions thatcollectively amount to one full dimension’s weight. The monetary dimension,carrying one-third of the total weight, classifies a household as deprived if its per-person daily consumption or income is below $3.00(2021PurchasingPowerParity).1The educationdimension, also weighted at one-third, is divided into twoindicators: enrollment and attainment.A householdis deprived in enrollment if any child of primary-school age (up to grade 8) is not attending school, and it isdeprived in attainment if no household member aged nine or older has completed primary education.Thebasic infrastructure dimension—likewise weighted at one-third—includes three indicators: access to safedrinking water, access to adequate sanitation, and access to electricity. Because the monetary dimensionconsists of a single indicator, anyoneidentified as income poor automatically meets t