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FINANCIAL SECTOR ASSESSMENT PROGRAM TECHNICAL NOTE ON REGULATION ANDSUPERVISION OF INVESTMENT FUNDS ThisTechnical NoteonRegulation and Supervision of Investment Fundswas prepared bya staff team of the International Monetary Fund. It is based on the information availableat the time it was completed onJuly 22, 2025. Copies of this report are available to the public from International Monetary Fund•Publication ServicesPO Box 92780•Washington, D.C. 20090Telephone: (202) 623-7430•Fax: (202) 623-7201E-mail:publications@imf.org Web:http://www.imf.org International Monetary FundWashington, D.C. CANADA FINANCIAL SECTORASSESSMENTPROGRAM TECHNICAL NOTE REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF INVESTMENT FUNDS This Technical Note was prepared by IMF staff in thecontext of the Financial Sector Assessment PrograminCanada. It contains technical analysis and detailedinformation underpinning the FSAP’s findings andrecommendations.Further information on the FSAPcan be found athttp://www.imf.org/external/np/fsap/fssa.aspx Prepared ByMonetary and Capital MarketsDepartment CONTENTS Glossary__________________________________________________________________________________________3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY__________________________________________________________________________5 INTRODUCTION_________________________________________________________________________________8 A. Background____________________________________________________________________________________8 A. Institutional Structure__________________________________________________________________________9B. Market Structure______________________________________________________________________________11C. Key Developments Since 2019 FSAP__________________________________________________________13 REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF INVESTMENT FUNDS_________________________________14 A. Systemic Risk Monitoring_____________________________________________________________________14B. Regulation____________________________________________________________________________________16C. Registration___________________________________________________________________________________25D. Supervision___________________________________________________________________________________26E. Enforcement__________________________________________________________________________________31F. Reporting and Data___________________________________________________________________________33G. International Cooperation____________________________________________________________________35 BOXES 1. Long-Term Asset Funds_______________________________________________________________________252. Exchange Traded Funds_______________________________________________________________________30 FIGURES 1. Canada’s Financial Sector Structure and NBFI Sector___________________________________________92. Number of Investment Funds in Canada_______________________________________________________9 TABLES 1.Recommendations on Regulation and Supervision of Investment Funds_______________________72. Investment Fund Types_______________________________________________________________________123.Oversight Responsibilities for Key Investment Fund Entities__________________________________134. AMF and OSC Sanctions Imposed on Market Participants in the Investment FundSector___________________________________________________________________________________________33 APPENDIX I.Rules on Investment Fund Investments36 Glossary AMFAutorité des marchés financiers of QuébecAPAuthorizedParticipantsAUMAssets Under ManagementASCAlberta Securities CommissionBoCBank of CanadaBCSCBritish Columbia SecuritiesCommissionCCOChief Compliance OfficerCCMRSCooperative Capital Markets Regulatory SystemCDContinuous disclosureCEOChief Executive OfficerCERIOSCO Committee on Emerging RisksCIROCanadian Investment Regulatory OrganizationCISCollective Investment SchemeCSACanadian Securities AdministratorsCSRAComprehensive Systemic Risk AssessmentEMMoUEnhanced Multilateral Memorandum of UnderstandingESGEnvironmental,social and governanceETFExchange-traded FundFSAPFinancial Sector Assessment ProgramFSBFinancial Stability BoardFSEGIOSCO Financial Stability Engagement GroupFSRAFinancial Services Regulatory Authority of OntarioGAAPGenerally Accepted Accounting PrinciplesHoAHeads of Regulatory AgenciesIFInvestment FundIFICInvestment Funds Institute of CanadaIFMInvestment Fund ManagerIFSInvestment Fund SurveyIMFInternational Monetary FundIOSCOInternational Organization of Securities CommissionsIRCIndependent Review CommitteeLMTLiquidity Management ToolMFDMutual Fund DealerMIMultilateral InstrumentMMMarketMakersMMoUMultilateral Memorandum of UnderstandingMoUMemorandum of UnderstandingMRFPManagement Report of Fund PerformanceNAVNet Asset ValueNBFINon-bank financial intermediationNINational Instrument NRIFNon-redeemable investment fundOBSIOmbudsman for Banking Services and InvestmentsOLTFOntario Long-Term Asset FundOSAOntarioSecuritiesAct,R.S.O.199