应用 IFRS - 关联财务报告：气候变化会计

May2025Applying IFRS–ConnectedFinancialReporting–Accounting forClimateChangeContentsOverview1. Disclosure requirements1.1 What is the issue?1.2 What is the impact?2. Property, plant and equipment2.1 What is the issue?2.2 What is the impact?3. Impairment of assets3.1 What is the issue?3.2 What is the impact?4. Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets4.1 What is the issue?4.2 What is the impact?5. Fair value measurement5.1 What is the issue?5.2 What is the impact?6. Financial instruments6.1 What is the issue?6.2 What is the impact?7. Carbon credits and renewable energy certificates7.1 What is the issue?7.2 What is the impact?8. Nature-dependent Electricity Contracts8.1 What is the issue?8.2 What is the impact?Appendix 1: Other climate-related accounting considerationsAppendix 2: Summary of important changes to this publication 3888242424282828484849575757646464787880898990101104 May 2025Applying IFRS–Connected Financial Reporting–Accounting for Climate ChangeWhat youneedto know▪There iscontinuedfocuson connectivity between sustainability reportand financial statements and specificallyon the measurement anddisclosure of climate-related matters in an entity’s financial statements.▪Thedetermination of theeffects of climate change onanentity’sfinancial statementsmayrequire significant effortand judgement.▪Entities are required, at a minimum, to follow the specific disclosurerequirements in each IFRSaccountingstandard. Entities may need toprovide additional disclosuresin their financial statements in order tomeet thestandards’disclosure objectives. Hence, in determining theextent of disclosure, entities are required to carefully evaluatewhatinformation is required forusersto beable to assess the effects ofsustainability risks and specificallyofclimate change on their financialposition, financial performance and cash flows.▪This publication is intendedto support entities inassessing and reportingon connectivity and specificallyon the effects of climate changeforaccounting purposesby providing helpful observations andillustrations.Considerations provided in this publicationwillalsoberelevantfor otheruncertainties. May2025Applying IFRS–Connected Financial Reporting–Accounting for Climate ChangeOverviewThe efforts toreducethe society’s impact on climate change have never beengreater. At the same time, there is unprecedented pressure from stakeholdersfor entities to communicate clearcommitments which is set to continue forthe foreseeable future.Investors have highlighted the importance ofunderstandingentities’ impact on the environment in their investment-makingdecisions and their assessment of management’s stewardship.Although, there is no single explicit standard on climate-related mattersinIFRSaccounting standards, climate risk and other climate-related matters mayimpact a number of areas of accounting.Financial statements, as a part ofgeneralpurposefinancial reports, play a significant role in providing relevantinformation to users for making decisions.While the immediate impact on thefinancial statements may not necessarily be quantitatively significant, there areincreasing expectations from stakeholdersthat entities explain howclimate-related mattersare consideredin preparingtheirfinancial statementsto theextent they are material1from a qualitative perspective. Stakeholders alsoexpect robust disclosures onthe most significantassumptions, estimates andjudgementsmade related to climate change.Climate change is expected to impact businesses in the decades to come. Whileit isimperativefor entities to more explicitlyaddress climate-related risksintheir financial statements, considering developments in previous and recentyears, accounting practice may evolve gradually over the next few years.As climate-related matters continue to evolve and entities make furthercommitments and take additional actions to tackle climate change, it isimportant for them to ensure that their financial statements reflect the mostup-to-date assessment of climate-related risks,their integration into strategiesor business plansand,therefore,their(expected)impact on the financialstatements. Furthermore, entitiesneed toensure consistency betweeninformation communicated in the financial statements and the informationcommunicated to stakeholders outside the financial statements, such as inpress releases, investor updates and disclosures in other parts ofthe annual report.ConnectivityThe release oftheInternational Sustainability Standards Board’sfirst two IFRSSustainability Disclosure Standards in June 2023, along with requirements inCorporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD) applicable to the EuropeanUnion,demonstrate thatthe importance ofsustainability reporting will onlyincrease. So too will the importance of consistent andcoherentinformationbetweenthe financial statementsand the sustainability reporting.Entities thathave connectedsustainability, finance and risk management teams are wellplaced to ensureidentifiedrisks