世界卫生组织-联合国儿童基金会HPV疫苗接种率估计

1.Introduction The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national HPV vaccine coverage aim to describe the performance of HPV vaccination programmes.Estimates are based on data and information available to WHO and UNICEF as of 20June 2025. The datacan be viewed and accessed on theWHO (https://immunizationdata.who.int/) and UNICEF (https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-health/immunization/) web sites. A visual overview of global, regionaland country level trends in HPV vaccine coverage can be accessedthroughthe HPV vaccine introductiondashboard: •https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/human-papillomavirus-vaccines-(HPV)/hpv-clearing-house/hpv-dashboard A tool enablingvisualization ofHPV coverage estimate trends in the broader context of WUENIC indictors can be found at:•https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/wuenic-trends/ 2.Background HPV vaccines were first introduced in WHO member states in 2006. By 2010, 32 countries had introduced and by 2015 this had doubled to 62countries. Most of these countries were high income or upper middle income countries. In 2009, following the publication of the first WHO Position Paper on HPV vaccines, WHO defined a framework for monitoring coverage andimpact of HPV vaccines,(https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO_IVB_10.05) proposingthata summary indicator of the“proportion ofgirls vaccinated with 3 doses by age 15 years will be useful to compare HPV vaccine coverage trends over time and across geographic areas”. As of 2010 the Joint Reporting Form started the collection of data on HPV vaccine introduction status and the number of dosesprovided annuallyto the priority target of girls,by age (9 to 13) and dose (1,2 and 3) as per the current guidance on age and schedule for HPV vaccines in 2009. In 2014, WHO published a second Position paper on HPV vaccines in which the schedule for the priority target of 9 to 13 yearold girls wasadjusted to a 2 dose schedule. In 2014, following the inclusion of vaccination of boys in the label of the first HPV vaccine product, the first high incomecountries introduced toboys. WHOPosition paper on HPVin 2014acknowledgedthe label change but indicated HPV vaccination of maleswas”notrecommended as apriority, especially in resource-constrained settings” In 2017, a third position paper was published in which the primary target population was adjusted to 9 to 14 year old girlsallowingflexibility inthe schedulebeyondthe6 months interval (without defining amaximum interval). In addition, the position paper emphasized the importance ofreaching girls throughcatch-upefforts with theintroductionof the vaccineup to 18 years of age as possible. In2018,aftermore than 80 countries had introduced HPV vaccines,includingthe firstlowandlowermiddle-incomecountriesWHObeganreportingannualHPV vaccine coverage estimatesinformed bytheWUENICmethodology and processes using the JointReportingFormdata.Since 2010data reporting to JRFon HPV vaccines wasbyindividual age anddose (1,2 or 3).The latter allowed both to capture changesinschedule in countriesfrom3 to 2 doses in the priority target, but also continued administration of third doses to immunocompromised individuals. WHO convened anHPVexpertmeeting(Barcelona, Spain, December 2018) withGavi, technical expertsand selectedcountriesrepresentatives todefinepriority indicators. The meeting validated the 2009 proposed summary indicatoronpopulation protection by age 15 as a usefulstandardizedmeasurethat would becomparable across countries.Expertsproposedto developan additional indicatorof programme coverageduring the last calendar year, in order toreduce the time lagbetween routine vaccination(eg at age 9)and reporting oncoverage byage 15Thisprogramme indicator would provide more timelyand actionable coverage data to inform HPV programmestrategies(seedefinitions infigurebelow). In July 2019 the first WHO/UNICEF HPV estimates werepublished for each country that had reportedHPV vaccineintroduction and providedcoveragedata throughthe JRF between 2010 and 2018. Between 2019 and 2024data collection on HPV evolvedfollowingthebiannual update of the overall JRF data collection tool. Notably, datacollection wasextended to include admin data (by age and dose) onvaccines provided toboys; reporteddenominator size and admin coverage forthe first dose and final dosefor females and males, aswell asofficial coverage. HPV vaccination programme strategies (Schedule, eligible target, deliverystrategy) changeover the years in manycountries.Changesincludereducing schedule from 3 to2or 1 dose;movingfrom multi-age cohorts(MAC) vaccination approaches to single-age cohort approach intheroutine programme(or vice versa);increasingeligibility orconducting wideagecatch-up campaignsto populations15 or older; incorporatingmalevaccination strategies.The current reporting and indicators system is set up toaccommodate data collection and developtrend data over timeirrespectiveof thesechanges. 3.Country status:HPVvacci