展望2030简报：将国际研究扩展到美国。

Outlook 2030 Brief Expanding International Study to the U.S. Mirka Martel& Jonah Kokodyniak In 2024, over 1.1 million international students pursuedtheir higher education in the United States. By 2030, increasing our efforts will ensure support forU.S. higher education, industries, and innovation. This is the second edition of IIE’s annual Outlook 2030 brief. The data-driven report focuses on keytrends in academic mobility to the United States, comparing global findings and looking ahead at thenext five years. The United States is the single largest host of international students in the world, attracting top talentfrom around the globe. International students pursue academic degrees in the U.S. due to theexcellence of its higher education system, particularly in science, technology, engineering, andmathematics (STEM). U.S. colleges and universities, in turn, benefit from the innovation and globalperspectives that students and scholars bring to their institutions. The global tertiary-age population is expected to increase by 2030. While many countries do not havethe capacity to increase their university enrollments, the United States stands unique in this perspective.International students comprise just 6 percent of the total student population at America’s 4,000colleges and universities. Simultaneously, U.S. domestic higher education enrollment is expected todecline over the next decade as a result of the widely reported “enrollment cliff.” The combination ofthese two factors creates even more opportunity to increase the number of international students inthe United States. Attracting global talent is crucial for driving the U.S. economy's growth and maintaining the country'sleadership in research and development. International students play a crucial role in ensuring that keySTEM industries have access to top talent in fields such as health, technology, and manufacturing,among others. The American economy also benefits; international students contribute over $50 billioneach year to the U.S. economy and create nearly 400,000 jobs. The U.S. will continue to drive thedevelopment of new industries, and building a domestic and global pipeline of talent will advance thispivotal role. Key Trends in Academic Mobility 1.Close to 7 million students are pursuing degrees abroad, and numbers aregrowing. The total number of globally mobile students has nearly doubled over the past decade, from4.5 millionto 6.9 million. With a growth rate of 8 percent year-over-year, 2024 witnessed the largest increase sincethe COVID-19 pandemic. Once again, the United States was the top host of international students,followed by Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Looking ahead to 2030, we see that demand for global academic mobility will continue. Some expectglobal mobility toexceed 9 million by the end of the decade. The rates will be driven by regionsexperiencing growth in tertiary-age populations, including South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Incomparison to countries in Europe and East Asia, these regions continue to experience growth in theirprimary, secondary, and tertiary-age populations, creating a steady pipeline of students seeking futureacademic study. Some higher education systems in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa will struggle to keep pace with thegrowth in their university-age student populations. In Nigeria, the youth population has grown soquickly that thecountry’s universities can only admit one-third of the two million students who applyeach year. In locations where undergraduate studies have expanded at domestic institutions, such asIndia, there remains a stronginterest among students in pursuing graduate studies abroad, includingmaster's and doctoral programs. 2.The U.S. hosted a record of over 1.1 million international students in2023/24. International students have traveled to the United States for over a century to pursue academic studies,contributing to U.S. colleges and universities' status as global knowledge hubs. According to theOpenDoors® Report on International Educational Exchange,which has reported on international studentmobility to the United States since the 1950s,student flows reached a record high of1,126,690 studentsin 2023/24. Most students were pursuinggraduate degrees (45%), followed by undergraduate degrees(30%) and those on Optional Practical Training (OPT) (22%). International Student Mobility to the United StatesSources:Open Doors,2024; Fall Snapshot Survey,2024 International student numbers in the United States have more than doubled since 2001 and have beenon an upward trend for most of the last 25 years. Over the past three years, and since the COVID-19pandemic, international student numbers have increased annually: 4% in 2020/21, 12% in 2022/23, and7% in 2023/24. IIE’sFall 2024 Snapshot on International Educational Exchangeindicatessustained 3%growth in the 2024/25 academic year. Growth in student enrollment has come from many countries of origin, including 34