扭转教师短缺成全球当务之急

The teachers we need for the education we want The global imperative to reverse the teacher shortage Fact sheet World Teachers’ Day 2023 focuses on the need to reverse global teacher shortages,including how to improve the profession’s appeal. This fact sheet aims to highlight newglobal and regional data on the number of teachers needed to meet the SustainableDevelopment Goals. It also explores the issue of attrition as an important factor inprojecting future demand, its role in exacerbating teacher shortages and highlightsseveral contributing factors. This analysis in turn can enable countries to developimproved policies that ensure the dignity and value of teaching as well as support andsustain qualified teacher workforces. UNESCO - a global leader in education The Global Education 2030 Agenda UNESCO, as the United Nations’specialized agencyfor education, is entrusted to lead and coordinate theEducation 2030 Agenda, which is part of a global movementto eradicate poverty through 17 Sustainable DevelopmentGoals by 2030. Education, essential to achieve all of thesegoals, has its own dedicated Goal 4, which aims to“ensureinclusive and equitable quality education and promotelifelong learning opportunities for all.”The Education2030Framework for Action provides guidance for theimplementation of this ambitious goal and commitments. Education is UNESCO’s top priority because it is abasic human right and the foundation for peace andsustainable development. UNESCO is the United Nations’specialized agency for education, providing global andregional leadership to drive progress, strengtheningthe resilience and capacity of national systems to serveall learners. UNESCO also leadsefforts to respond tocontemporary global challenges through transformativelearning,withspecial focus on gender equality andAfrica across allactions. Published in 2023 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization,7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO 2023 This document is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this document, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCOOpen Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this document do not imply the expression of any opinionwhatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerningthe delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this document are those of the Author; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do notcommit the Organization. Cover photo: UNESCO/Diana Quintela Key messages ■Globally, 44 million additional teachers need to berecruited to meet universal primary and secondaryeducation in 2030 of which 1 in 3, or 15 million,are needed in sub-Saharan Africa alone - a numberwhich has decreased by only2million since 2016. the global male primary attrition rate in 2021 was9.2per cent compared to the female rate of 4.2. ■Only half of all countries pay primary teachersmore than other professions requiring similarqualifications, while this decreases to just 3 in10countries in Europe and Northern America. ■Secondary education needs more teachers thanprimary education - about 7 out of 10 recruitsglobally. This is particularly so in Southern Asia andsub-Saharan Africa where many new secondarylevel teacher posts will need to befilledto meet therequirements of expanding education systems. ■Teacher shortage is a global phenomenon,affectingdeveloping and developed countries alike. In Europeand Northern America, retirement and a lack ofinterest in entering the profession pose challengesto ensuring the recruitment of 4.8 million teachersneeded to secure quality primary and secondaryeducation for all. ■Attrition among primary teachers almost doubled from4.62 per cent globally in 2015 to 9.06 in 2022; moreover, Introduction World Teachers’Day 2023 focuses on the need to reverseglobal teacher shortages, including how to improvethe profession’s appeal. This fact sheet therefore aimsto highlight new global and regional data on thenumber of teachers needed to meet the SustainableDevelopment Goals. Since attrition is an importantfactor in projecting future demand, this fact sheet alsoexplores this issue, its role in exacerbating teachershortages and highlights contributing factors. The dataanalyses presented can enable countries to developimproved policies that ensure the dignity and valueof teaching as well as support and sustainqualifiedteacher workforces. Teachers are at the core of all education systems, layingthe foundation for achieving Sustainable DevelopmentGoal (SDG) 4, to ensure inclusive and equitable qualityeducation and lifelong learning opportunities for all.However, se