科摩罗国家气候与发展报告2025

© 2025 The World Bank Group1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet:www.worldbank.orgThis work is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD),the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and theMultilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), collectively known as The World Bank Group, with externalcontributors.The World Bank Group does not guarantee the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the content includedin this work, or the conclusions or judgments described herein, and accepts no responsibility orliabilityfor any omissions or errors (including, without limitation, typographical errors and technical errors) in thecontent whatsoever or for reliance thereon. The boundaries, colors, denominations, links/footnotes andother information shown in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of any of the organizations ofThe World Bank Group concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of suchboundaries. The citation of works authored by others does not mean The World Bank Group endorses theviews expressed by those authors or the content of their works. The findings, interpretations, and conclusionsexpressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of IBRD/IDA, IFC and MIGA, their respectiveBoards of Executive Directors, and the governments they represent.The contents of this work are intended for general informational purposes only and are not intended toconstitute legal, securities, or investment advice, an opinion regarding the appropriateness of any investment,or a solicitation of any type. Some of the organizations of The World Bank Group or their affiliates may havean investment in, provide other advice or services to, or otherwise have a financial interest in, certain of thecompanies and parties named herein.Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of theprivileges and immunities of any of IBRD/IDA, IFC and MIGA, all of which are specifically reserved.Rights and PermissionsThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because the World Bank Group encourages disseminationof its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long asfull attribution to this work is given and all further permissions that may be required for such use (as notedherein) are acquired. The World Bank Group does not warrant that the content contained in this work willnot infringe on the rights of third parties and accepts no responsibility orliability in this regard. All querieson rights and licenses should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW,Washington, DC 20433, USA; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org. COUNTRY CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT COMOROSUNION OF THECOMOROSCOUNTRYCLIMATE ANDDEVELOPMENTREPORTWorld Bank Group ivCOUNTRY CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT REPORT COMOROS12345ACKNOWLEDGMENTSviiACRONYMSixEXECUTIVE SUMMARY11CLIMATE CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES AND PRIORITIES101.1.Context and Development Challenges.......................................................................101.2.Key Risks and Impacts from Climate Change...........................................................131.3.Climate Impacts on the Development Agenda..........................................................161.4.Main Levers for Climate-Resilient and Green Development...................................192COUNTRY CLIMATE COMMITMENTS, POLICIES, INSTITUTIONS, ANDCAPACITIES212.1.Climate Change Legal and Regulatory Commitments..............................................212.2.Institutional Framework for Climate Action................................................................222.3.Implementation Gaps and Challenges.......................................................................232.4.Ways to Enhance Resilience of the Institutional Framework...................................253SECTORAL IMPLICATIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF CLIMATE CHANGE293.1.Improving the Productivity and Resilience of Agriculture and Fisheries................303.2.Investing in a Climate-Resilient Infrastructure Network..........................................393.3.Safeguarding Water Supply in the Face of Growing Demand and a ChangingClimate..................................................................................................................................463.4.Increasing Renewable Energy Generation Capacity.................................................544MACRO-FISCAL CONSIDE