人工智能权力：2025年格局报告
AI智能总结
AI NOW 2025 LANDSCAPE REPORTWith contributions and feedback from:Annette Bernhardt, UC Berkeley Labor CenterAbeba Birhane, Artificial Intelligence Accountability Lab,Stefanie Coyle, New York Civil Liberties UnionKevin DeLiban, TechTonic JusticeBecca Deutsch, Amazon Employees for Climate JusticeTimnit Gebru, Distributed AI Research CenterSam Gordon, Tech Equity CollaborativeNidhi Hegde, American Economic Liberties ProjectBen Inskeep, Citizen Action Coalition of IndianaTaylor Jo Isenberg, Economic Security ProjectStephen Lerner, Action Center for Race and the Economy -Bargaining for the Common GoodBarry Lynn, Open Markets InstituteVaroon Mathur, Duke Institute for Health Innovation,Brian Merchant, Independent JournalistErie Meyer, Georgetown UniversitySarah Miller, American Economic Liberties ProjectStacy Mitchell, Institute for Local Self-RelianceArvind Narayanan, Center for Information Technology Poli-cy, Princeton UniversityChris Nielsen, National Nurses UnitedTeri Olle, Economic Security ProjectBritt Paris, Rutgers UniversityTekendra Parmar, Investigative JournalistReshma Ramachandran, Yale School of MedicineSteven Renderos, MediaJusticeRashida Richardson, Worcester Polytechnic Institute& Northeastern UniversityHilary Ronen, Local ProgressLeevi Saari, AI NowHannah Sassaman, People’s Tech ProjectMatt Scherer, Center for Democracy and TechnologyParomita Shah, Just Futures LawGanesh Sitaraman, Vanderbilt UniversityAndrew Strait, UK AI Security InstituteKasia Tarczynska, Good Jobs FirstJim Thomas, Scanthehorizon.orgMax Von Thun, Open Markets InstituteJai Vipra, Cornell UniversityRobert Weissman, Public CitizenMeredith Whittaker, SignalSavannah Wilson, Clean VirginiaBoxi Wu, Oxford UniversityCite as:Kate Brennan, Amba Kak, and Sarah Myers West, “Arti-ficial Power: AI Now 2025 Landscape”, AI Now Institute, June 3,2025, https://ainowinstitute.org/2025-landscape.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSAuthored by Kate Brennan, Amba Kak, and Dr. Sarah Myers West.With research support from Mohammed Ali, Yasmine Chokrane, Madeline Kim,Tekendra Parmar, Tanya Raja, and Boxi Wu.Special thanks to Rhiana Gunn-Wright for her feedback and editorial contributions.Project management by Ellen Schwartz.Copyediting by Caren Litherland.Design by Partner & Partners. Brian Chen, Data & SocietyJane Chung, Justice SpeaksAndrea Dehlendorf, AI NowRyan Gerety, Athena CoalitionLisa Gilbert, Public CitizenJanet Haven, Data & SocietyJill McArdle, Beyond Fossil FuelsMichelle Meagher, SOMO Trinity College DublinAlix Dunn, The MaybeAli Finn, AI NowHeidy Khlaaf, AI NowDuke Health 2 AI NOW 2025 LANDSCAPE REPORTTABLE OF CONTENTSExecutive SummaryChapter 1:AI’s False Gods1.1:The AGI Mythology1.2: Too Big to Fail1.3: AI Arms Race 2.01.4: Recasting RegulationChapter 2:Heads I Win, Tails You LoseChapter 3:Consulting the RecordChapter 4:A Roadmap for Action 3Endnotes4181924283236466793 AI NOW 2025 LANDSCAPE REPORTEXECUTIVE SUMMARYThose of us broadly engaged in challenging corporate consolidation, economic injustice,tech oligarchy, and rising authoritarianism need to contend with the AI industry or wewill lose the end game. Accepting the current trajectory of AI proselytized by Big Techand its stenographers as “inevitable” is setting us up on a path to an unenviable eco-nomic and political future—a future that disenfranchises large sections of the public,renders systems more obscure to those it affects, devalues our crafts, underminesour security, and narrows our horizon for innovation. This is true whether or not thetechnology even works well, on its own terms; it often doesn’t.The good news is that the road offered by the tech industry is not the only one avail-able to us. This report explains why the fight against the industry’s vision for AI is afight worth having, even as we turn ourselves tirelessly toward the task of buildingout the shared project of a just, equitable, sustainable, and democratic society. 4 AI NOW 2025 LANDSCAPE REPORTOver the past decade, taming the power of big tech-nology platforms like Microsoft, Amazon, Google, andMeta has increasingly become a central question inAmerican political and public discourse. Unless wecontend with the power vested in these firms, wewon’t meaningfully be able to hold the industry ac-countable to the interests of the broader public, evenas these companies reshape markets, institutions, andinfrastructures core to public life.What does AI have to do with any of this? As we ar-gued in our 2023 report,1AI is fundamentally aboutconcentration of power in the hands of Big Tech. At thestart of the year, it seemed like the market was poisedfor disruption, with a new crop of Silicon Valley chal-lengers gaining prominence, like OpenAI, Anthropic,StabilityAI, and Inflection AI. But now, just two yearslater, it is clear that the bench of key players in thismarket hasn’t changed much: Microsoft, Google, Meta,Musk’s xAI, OpenAI (backed by Microsoft), and Anthrop-ic (backed by Am
