2025年全球肿瘤学趋势：随着治疗方式的转变和支出的增加，采用新疗法

As a leading cause of premature death globally, cancer remains an importantarea for continued investment in screening and early diagnosis, access to care,and novel treatment modalities with improved clinical benefits. As a result,the innovation ecosystem that discovers, develops, and delivers breakthroughtherapies continues to operate near peak levels and treatment in developedcountries is shifting toward newer modalities. However, these shifts may furtherexacerbate disparities in access to cancer care in low- and middle-incomecountries and across demographic groups.Our research profiles the current state of research anddevelopment in oncology, including key mechanisms,targets, and cancer types being investigated aswell as pointing to some novel areas which are onlyjust emerging. We also look at metrics of clinicaldevelopment productivity.As more novel cancer medicines are launched, patientaccess and use of those drugs vary widely around theworld. Trends in the use of novel mechanisms inspecific cancer types are reported here and intendedto provide an evidence base that encouragesstakeholder discussion.Finally, the costs associated with treating more patientsfor longer and with more advanced therapies is bringingstress to healthcare budgets, even as the broaderadoption of biosimilars provides some relief and willplay an important role in the years to come. How thesespending dynamics will play out over the next five yearsglobally is also examined in this report.Introduction©2025 IQVIA and its affiliates. All reproduction rights, quotations, broadcasting, publications reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced ortransmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, withoutexpress written consent of IQVIA and the IQVIA Institute.Global Oncology Trends 2025: Adopting New Therapies as Modalities Shift and Expenditures RiseREFERENCING THIS REPORTPlease use this format when referencing content from this report:Source: IQVIA Institute for Human Data Science. Global Oncology Trends 2025: Adopting New Therapies as Modalities Shift and Expenditures Rise.May 2025. Available from www.iqviainstitute.org This study was produced independently by theIQVIA Institute for Human Data Science as a publicservice, without industry or government funding. Thecontributions to this report of Srinidhi BC, SakshamBhardwaj, Tanya Bhardwaj, Michael Brave, Jin Chen,Bryce Davies, Julia Kern, Raji Nair, Bhagyashree SitaramNawar, Urvashi Porwal, Carolina Ricarte, and manyothers at IQVIA are gratefully acknowledged.Find Out MoreIf you wish to receive future reports from the IQVIAInstitute for Human Data Science or join our mailing list,visit iqviainstitute.org.MURRAY AITKENExecutive DirectorIQVIA Institute for Human Data Science Table of ContentsOverviewOncology research and development activitiesOncology clinical development productivityLaunches of novel active substances in oncologyCancer patient access and use of scientific advancesSpending on oncology medicinesAppendixNotes on sourcesMethodologiesReferencesAbout the authorsAbout the Institute 2423335063717375767880 OverviewONCOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENTACTIVITIESOncology trials starts increased slightly in 2024 to 2,162,following declines after a peak in 2021. Trial starts areup 12% from 2019 and primarily focused on rare cancersand solid tumors. Pre-commercial emerging biopharmacompanies are responsible for 53% of oncology trials,up from 24% a decade ago and commercial emergingbiopharma companies account for an additional 8%of trials. China-headquartered companies are nowresponsible for 39% of oncology trials, up from only 5% adecade ago, and notably Chinese companies run 84% oftheir trials domestically.Novel oncology modalities, especially cell and genetherapies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), andmultispecific antibodies, show significant promise forcancer treatment and accounted for 35% of oncologytrials in 2024. Trials involving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitorshave declined 16% since 2019, though studies for thesemodalities with sites only in China have increased50%. CAR T-cell therapy trial starts have declined 15%from the peak in 2022, with most being investigatedfor hematological cancers but increasingly looked atacross a range of solid tumors. Nine ADCs have beenapproved globally over the last five years, and trial startshave increased on average 32% annually, representingthe fastest growing area of research in solid tumors.Fourteen bispecific antibodies are marketed for treatingcancer and multispecific antibody trials have more thantripled since 2019, driven by solid tumors. Radioligandtherapies are being tested across a range of tumors,though primarily prostate and neuroendocrine, andtrial starts hare tripled in the last five years. These novelmodalities are continuing to evolve with significantpotential as monotherapies and in combination withother novel modalities. Developme