衡量乌干达自然旅游对当地经济的影响

© 2025 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NWWashington DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000Internet: www.worldbank.orgThis work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusionsexpressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or thegovernments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does notassume responsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of orfailure to use the information, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and otherinformation shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal statusof any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunitiesof The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.Rights and PermissionsThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this workmay be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World BankGroup, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org.Cover image: © Gudkovandrey / Adobe StockDesign: Sergio Moreno Tellez (WBG)Editor: Mark Mattson AcknowledgementsThis report was written by Justin Kagin (Founder, Kagin’s Consulting and Consultant,World Bank Group [WBG]), Vanessa Satur (Consultant, WBG), and Wendy Li (Environmentand Tourism Specialist, WBG). The LEWIE-LITE technical work and analysis was carriedout by Ed Taylor (Distinguished Professor Emeritus, University of California, Davis andConsultant, WBG), Justin Kagin, and Mateusz Filipski (Associate Professor, University ofGeorgia and Consultant, WBG). Urvashi Narain (Program Leader, WBG) and Lisa Farroway(Senior Environmental Specialist, WBG) provided technical oversight and guidance. SaraEnders Estupinan (Consultant, WBG) helped coordinate the production of this report. Datacollection and field work was conducted by Laterite.The authors are thankful for the support of colleagues from the Government of Ugandafor this work: Samuel John Mwandha (Executive Director, Uganda Wildlife Authority), TomOkello (Executive Director, National Forest Authority), Edgar Buhanga (Project Officer,Uganda Wildlife Authority), Leone Candia (Principal Wildlife Officer, Ministry of Tourism,Wildlife and Antiquities), Richard Kapere (Manager, Conservation Planning, UgandaWildlife Authority), Vanice Mirembe (Manager, Community Awareness and Conservation,Uganda Wildlife Authority), and Dorcus Twesigomwe (Business DevelopmentManager, Uganda Wildlife Authority). The team also thanks the chief wardens andstaff of Queen Elizabeth National Park, Bwindi Impenetrable National Park, and localgovernment officials.Technical inputs, review, and overall collaboration and facilitation of field work wereprovided by Stephen Ling (Lead Environmental Specialist, WBG), Nicholas Zmijewski(Senior Environmental Engineer, WBG), and Lesya Verheijen (Senior Operations Officer,WBG) from the Uganda Investing in Forests and Protected Areas for Climate-SmartDevelopment Project. The team also thanks Barbara Amaso (Statistician, Uganda WildlifeAuthority), Ojok Denis Rodney (Senior Statistician, Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife andAntiquities), and their entire team for their technical contributions.Peer review was provided by Jessie McComb (Senior Private Sector Specialist, Tourism,WBG) and Mokshana Wijeyeratne (Senior Environmental Specialist, WBG). The teamthanks Keith Hansen (Country Director, Uganda) and Rosemary Mukami Kariuki (CountryManager, Uganda, WBG) for their support. Many other World Bank colleagues participatedin LEWIE-LITE workshops and offered insights to improve the methodology and analysis.This report was funded by PROBLUE, PROGREEN, the Swedish International DevelopmentAgency via the Uganda Multi-Donor Trust Fund, and the Global Environment Facility-financed Global Wildlife Program. Table of ContentsAbbreviations and Acronyms /ixGlossary of Terms /ixExecutive Summary / 1How Was the Study Done? / 2What Did the Study Find? / 4What Recommendations and Lessons Can Be Drawn from the Study? / 7SECTION 1.Introduction / 8Direct and Indirect Impacts of Tourism / 9Nature-based Tourism in Uganda and the LEWIE-LITE Pilot / 11Structure of this Report / 12SECTION 2.Methodology / 13Sampling Design / 16SECTION 3.Data Collectionand Analysis / 19Data Analysis and the LEWIE-LITE Dashboard / 22SECTION