建设具有气候适应力的未来

This report is a joint initiative between the UN Climate Change High-LevelChampions, the UN Race to Resilience, the Adrienne Arsht-RockefellerFoundation Resilience Center, and Marsh McLennan. It is prepared withthe research, writing, and support of Oliver Wyman. Statement of purposeThe Race to Resilience Campaign (RtR) and the Sharm El SheikhAdaptation Agenda (SAA) provide the frameworks that can helpbusinesses deliver on adaptation and resilience: We urgently need tosignificantly enhance adaptation and resilience for communities, sectors,economies, and ecosystems upon which they depend against the impactof climate change. Without it we cannot deliver on the goals of the ParisAgreement. This year, I have worked closely with banks, insurers, andinvestors worldwide and have seen exceptional leadership in the privatefinancial sector on adaptation and resilience — let’s accelerate thesolutions that are already there!Dr. Mahmoud MohieldinUN Climate Change High-Level Champion for COP28;UN Special Envoy on Financing the 2030 Agenda; Executive Director of the IMFA note from a UN Climate Change High-Level Champion ForewordOver the past two years, Marsh McLennan has worked closely with UN Climate Change High-LevelChampions, its Race to Resilience team, and the Arsht-Rock Resilience Center to spur awarenessand catalyze action around the urgent need to advance climate adaptation.Since then, a global framework for protecting the world’s most vulnerable has begun to takeshape. The Sharm el-Sheikh Adaptation Agenda, ratified at COP27, sets actionable 2030 targetsfor 30 sectors that collectively aim to protect four billion people from the extreme impacts ofdroughts, floods, wildfire, heat, and other climate-related risks. The G7 launched the Global Shieldto amass and deploy the financial resources needed to accelerate impact.And the topic of lossand damage has become central to multilateral negotiations, no longer relegated to the fringes ofthe dialogue.Central to maintaining this momentum will be the active leadership of the insurance sector. We arethe sector that possesses the analytical capabilities and risk finance expertise to drive innovationand scale impact. That is why we are proud to publish this second report — jointly with the Raceto Resilience and the Arsht-Rock Resilience Center — on how the insurance sector can deliverthat leadership.This report identifies many of the barriers impeding insurers from prioritizingrisk reduction efforts and issues a series of actionable recommendations to overcome thosechallenges.Like last year, it also features a sampling of the best ideas and projects reflecting boththe spirit and urgency of climate adaptation innovation.On behalf of all the report’s sponsors, we applaud those companies demonstrating change-making leadership, and urge the entire industry to consider its role in advancing therecommendations in this report. Contents1. Executive summary2. Introduction3. Barriers to the insurance industry playing a morewidespread rolein adaptation and resilience3.1. Demand-side constraints3.2. Supply-side constraints3.3. Regulatory and policy constraints4. A resilience agenda for the insurance industryRecommendation 1: Prioritize resilience as a strategic imperativeRecommendation 2: Collaborate with the public sector to expandinsurance coverageRecommendation 3: Improve accuracy and availability ofclimate-related data and analyticsRecommendation 4: Create an industry standard around“build back better”Recommendation 5: Advocate for public policies and regulationsthat support resilience5. Roadmap for successSupplement: Ongoing adaptation and resilienceinsurance initiativesAcknowledgements 12667891016202326303152 1.Executive summaryOver the past 50 years, the number of weather-relateddisasters has risen five-fold, with climate changegenerally accepted to be a primary driver. This rise,coupled with an increase in the value of assetsand population movement to high-risk areas, hasresulted in a significant increase in losses. Investingin adaptation and resilience is critical to combat theserising costs and ensure that communities around theworld can better withstand and recover from disaster.The insurance industry is uniquely positioned tosupport and reward investments in adaptationand resilience. Transferring risk through insurancecoverage provides households, businesses, andcommunities with the funding they need to recoverrapidly from disasters. Additionally, insurers have thedata and risk expertise to encourage risk-reducingactivities, enable more resilient communities, anddirectly invest in resilience. By playing a larger rolein increasing resilience, insurers have the powerto reduce overall weather-related losses, protecttheir existing markets, and expand coverage intonew markets — the combination of which presentsa $71 billion annual revenue opportunity for theinsurance industry.1However, the insurance industry must addressseveral barriers to fulfilling the potential for a more