经合组织2024年养老金展望：改善资产支持养老金，以获得更好的退休结果和更具弹性的养老金制度

IMPROVING ASSET-BACKED PENSIONS FOR BETTERRETIREMENT OUTCOMES AND MORE RESILIENTPENSION SYSTEMS OECD Pensions Outlook2024 IMPROVING ASSET‑BACKED PENSIONSFOR BETTER RETIREMENT OUTCOMES AND MORERESILIENT PENSION SYSTEMS This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements inthe West Bank under the terms of international law. Note by the Republic of Türkiye The information in this document with reference to “Cyprus” relates to the southern part of the Island. There is no singleauthority representing both Turkish and Greek Cypriot people on the Island. Türkiye recognises the Turkish Republic ofNorthern Cyprus (TRNC). Until a lasting and equitable solution is found within the context of the United Nations, Türkiyeshall preserve its position concerning the “Cyprus issue”. Note by all the European Union Member States of the OECD and the European UnionThe Republic of Cyprus is recognised by all members of the United Nations with the exception of Türkiye. Theinformation in this document relates to the area under the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus. Please cite this publication as: OECD (2024),OECD Pensions Outlook 2024: Improving Asset-backed Pensions for Better Retirement Outcomes and MoreResilient Pension Systems, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/51510909-en. ISBN 978-92-64-93427-6 (print)ISBN 978-92-64-58835-6 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-61954-8 (HTML)ISBN 978-92-64-97017-5 (epub) OECD Pensions OutlookISSN 2313-7630 (print)ISSN 2313-7649 (online) Photo credits:Cover © Thinkstock – simoningate. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2024 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Preface Over the past two decades, asset-backed pensions have become a key pillar of retirement systems, withassets more than tripling to over USD 56 trillion in 2023.These pensions diversify resources for financingretirement and complement pay-as-you-go systems, enhancing resilience to economic shocks anddemographic challenges. Their robust design, regulation, and supervision are important for deliveringstrong retirement outcomes. The 2024OECD Pensions Outlook provides a valuable resource for policymakers, regulators, andstakeholders, providing comprehensive analysis and forward-looking guidance on ensuring pensionscontinue to serve as a cornerstone of financial security in retirement. Specifically, this edition examineshow to extend the coverage of asset-backed pensions, looking at how employers, particularly smaller ones,and the self-employed, can be better integrated in these systems, and how financial incentives can beused to promote enrolment and contributions. The report also analyses how investment strategies can balance sustainability and risk, deliver long-termvalue for savers, and ensure that pensions are resilient to market volatility. In particular,it highlights theimportance of longevity protection and innov