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OECD Review of ForeignDirect Investment Statisticsof Libya This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can inno way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Photo credits:Cover © GettyImages/Slanapotam. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword ThisOECD Review of Foreign Direct Investment StatisticsofLibya evaluates the country’s institutionalframework for FDI statistics compilation, the sources of data and estimating techniques employed, andtheir conformity with current international statistical standards. Lastly, thereview includes suggestions toenhance Libya's FDI statistics compilation. This review was prepared in collaboration withthe Central Bank of Libya (CBL), the General Authority forInvestment Promotion and Privatisation Affairs of Libya, and Libyan Ministry of Economy and Trade. Inparticular, the review isbased on responses by the Libyan authorities mentioned aboveto a survey askingfor information on thecountry’sFDI statistics; other information on data sources and methods, such as themetadata Libya provided for the IMF's Balance of Payments statistics; an analysis of Libyan FDI statistics;presentationsby the CBLat a workshop held in Tunisia on 17 and 18 January 2024andemail exchangesfollowing the workshop. This review is part of a broader effort tosupport the wider implementation of theOECDBenchmarkDefinition of Foreign Direct Investment, 4th Edition (BD4),particularly innon-Member economies,tosupport alignment to international guidelines for FDI statistics compilation. The review is an output of theEU-OECD Programme on Investment in the Mediterranean, which supports investment policy reformefforts in the Middle East and North Africa region.FDI statistics can play a strong role in evaluating theimpact of such reforms, hence, better quality and comparable data within and across countries cancontribute tofoster more informed policymakingin the region.The Review was financially supported bythe European Union. The review was prepared by Maria Borga, a private consultant, and Francesca Spinelli, Head of theInternational Investment Statistics Unit. The review has benefitted from inputs and comments provided byMohamed A. Nasrat, and Elhadi Ibrahim Zgarfrom theBalance of Payments Division of theCBL,AbdalaMftah Alwrflifrom theGeneral Authority forInvestment Promotion and Privatisation Affairs of Libya, andHassan El KamelandMussaEzubikrepresenting theLibyan Ministry of Economy and Trade. Valuableinputs from Emilie Kothé, Project Manager and Head of the FDI Statistics database team, and PerlaIbarlucea-Flores, Statistician, have contributed to the preparation of this review.Ana Novik, Head ofInvestment Division,and Helene Francois Georgieff, Head of theInvestment Policy and Capacity BuildingTeam,provided overall guidanceon the project and EU-OECD Programme.The review wasshared andapproved, viawritten procedure,by the OECD Investment Committee on 3 January 2025.Angele N’Zingaand Alexandra Ciumac, Project Assistants, helped with the formatting of the review, andLucinda Pearsonand Liv Gudmundson, Communication Officer andPublications andEditorial Lead, respectively,helpedwith thepreparation for publicatio