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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 duringthe preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past90 days.YesNo Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 ofRegulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).YesNo Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or anemerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filerAccelerated filerNon-accelerated filerSmaller reporting companyEmerging growth company If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new orrevised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control overfinancial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filingreflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received byany of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).YesNo The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $68,589,096 based on the closing priceof the registrant’s common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market of $1.44 per share on June 28, 2024. Shares of common stock held by each executive officer anddirector and each affiliated entity has been excluded from this calculation. This determination of affiliate status may not be conclusive for other purposes. The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of February 17, 2025 was 49,046,246. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A in connection with theregistrant’s 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, which will be filed subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K. MEDICINOVA, INC.FORM 10-K—ANNUAL REPORTFor the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2024Table of Contents PART IItem 1 Business ..........................................................................................................................................5Item 1ARisk Factors ....................................................................................................................................34Item 1BUnresolved Staff Comments...........................................................................................................64Item 1CCybersecurity..................................................................................................................................64Item 2Properties ........................................................................................................................................65Item 3Legal Proceedings...........................................................................................................................65Item 4Mine Safety Disclosures .................................................................................................................65 Item 5Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases ofEquity Securities........................................................................................................................66Item 6[Reserved].......................................................................................................................................66Item 7Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ........67Item 7AQuantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ........